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اثر تنش خشکی بر تولید علوفه و صفات فیزیولوژیکی جمعیت های چهارگونه اسپرس بومی ایران Onobrychis spp.

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، دانشگاه پیام نور، واحد کرج، ایران

2 استاد، بخش تحقیقات مرتع، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر تنش خشکی بر عملکرد و صفات فیزیولوژیکی در چهار گونه اسپرس آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با چهار تکرار در شرایط گلخانه در موسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع در سال93 به اجرا در آمد. گونه‌ها شامل O.crista-galli، O.michauxii، O.sabnitens و O.sativa بودند. برای تیمارهای تنش خشکی از درصدهای مختلف ظرفیت زراعی FC100% )شاهد(،FC75%، FC50% وFC 25% استفاده شد. پس از 45 روز اعمال تنش خشکی بر روی گونه ها ، وزن تر و خشک و خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی (کلروفیل a، b، کارتنوئید، نسبت کلروفیل a/b، مجموع کلروفیل b+ a، قندهای محلول، پرولین و محتوای نسبی آب برگ) آنها اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج تجزیه آماری داده ها نشان داد که اثر گونه و اثر تنش خشکی و اثر متقابل گونه در خشکی نیز برای اکثر صفات بجز کلروفیلa در سطح احتمال1 درصد معنی‌دار‏ بود. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش تنش خشکی، وزن تر و خشک گیاه کاهش یافت و در مقابل، میانگین کلروفیلb، پرولین، قندهای محلول و کارتنوئید افزایش یافت. نتایج مقایسه میانگین گونه‌ها و اثر متقابل گونه در تنش خشکی نشان داد که گونه O.michoxii با بیشترین مقدار رنگ دانه‌ها، کربوهیدرات‌های محلول در آب و عملکرد علوفه تر و خشک نسبت به سایر گونه‌ها به تنش خشکی مقاوم تر بود و گونه اسپرس زراعی O.sativa در مرتبه بعدی قرار گرفت و بعنوان گونه‌های نسبتا مقاوم به خشکی شناخته شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of drought stress on forage yield and physiological traits in four native species of sainfoin (Onobrychis sp.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Robabae Farahdoust 1
  • Ali Ashraf Jafary 2
  • Siroos Mansourfar 3
  • Mina Rabiee 3

1 Former M.Sc. in Agronomy, Payam Noor University, Karaj, Iran

2 Professor, Rangeland Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

3 Assistant Professor,Faculty of Agriculture, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

In order to study of drought stress in four sainfoin species (Onobychis Spp.), a factorial experiments was conducted based on completely randomized design with four replications in glasshouse condition in research institute of forest and rangelands, Tehran, Iran in 2015. The factor A was four species as: O. michoxii O. cristagalli, O. sativa and O. sabnitens and factor B was four levels of drought stress: 100% field capacity (FC) as control, 75% FC, 50% FC and %25 FC. Seeds were sown in the pots and irriation was conducted based on drought stress levels. After 45 days from sowing date, data were collected for seedling fresh and dry weight, physiological traits as: chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, proline, water soluble carbohydrate, relative water content (RWC) and analyzed using SAS9 software. The results of analysis of variance showed significant effects of species, drought stress, and species by drought interaction (P<0.01) for all traits except chlorophyll a. According to the results, seedling fresh and dry weight decreased by increasing of drought stress, while chlorophyll a and RWC increased. Overall, O. michoxii with higher values of chlorophylls, carotenoids, water soluble carbohydrate and seedling weight was more tolerant to drought stress, followed by O. sativa. These two species were introduced as relatively drought tolerant species.
In order to study of drought stress in four sainfoin species (Onobychis Spp.), a factorial experiments was conducted based on completely randomized design with four replications in glasshouse condition in research institute of forest and rangelands, Tehran, Iran in 2015. The factor A was four species as: O. michoxii O. cristagalli, O. sativa and O. sabnitens and factor B was four levels of drought stress: 100% field capacity (FC) as control, 75% FC, 50% FC and %25 FC. Seeds were sown in the pots and irriation was conducted based on drought stress levels. After 45 days from sowing date, data were collected for seedling fresh and dry weight, physiological traits as: chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, proline, water soluble carbohydrate, relative water content (RWC) and analyzed using SAS9 software. The results of analysis of variance showed significant effects of species, drought stress, and species by drought interaction (P<0.01) for all traits except chlorophyll a. According to the results, seedling fresh and dry weight decreased by increasing of drought stress, while chlorophyll a and RWC increased. Overall, O. michoxii with higher values of chlorophylls, carotenoids, water soluble carbohydrate and seedling weight was more tolerant to drought stress, followed by O. sativa. These two species were introduced as relatively drought tolerant species.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Onobrychis
  • Drought Stress
  • physiological traits
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تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران
دوره 24، شماره 4
دی 1396
صفحه 853-869
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هم رسانی
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