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اثر آتش‌سوزی بر روابط زیستی گیاه بالشتکی اسپرس در علفزارهای کوهستانی پارک ملی گلستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مرتعداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه مرتعداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران

3 دانشیار،گروه مرتعداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران

چکیده

حضور گونه‌های گیاهی در کنار یکدیگر موجب ایجاد روابط زیستی در بین آنها می‌شود. این روابط بسیار پیچیده و متغیر هستند که در بین آنها تسهیل و رقابت بیش‌ترین تأثیر را بر کارکرد زیست‌بوم دارند. از جمله عوامل محیطی که بر روابط زیستی تأثیر دارد آشفتگی‌های محیطی از جمله آتش می‌باشد. این مطالعه به دنبال بررسی اثر آتش‌سوزی بر روابط زیستی تسهیلی و رقابتی در بین گیاهان بالشتکی و زیرآشکوب آنها می‌باشد. بنابراین، برای بررسی اثر آتش‌سوزی بر روی روابط زیستی تعداد 25 پایه اسپرس زنده و 25 لکه سوخته اسپرس و نیز به‌صورت جفتی برای هر کدام از پایه‌ها پلاتی در فضای بیرون به‌صورت تصادفی انتخاب گردید و گونه‌های آن ثبت و سپس روابط زیستی محاسبه شد. طبق نتایج بدست آمده اثر آتش‌سوزی بر درصد پوشش کل گونه‌ها معنی‌دار نبود ولی موجب افزایش پهن‌برگان چندساله (از 7/4 به 3/11درصد)، ژئوفیت‌ها (از 1/0 به 5/0درصد)، پهن‌برگان یکساله (از 1/0 به 3/2درصد)، گندمیان یکساله (از 0 به 1/0درصد) و موجب کاهش گندمیان چندساله (از 2/7 به 9/4 درصد)، بوته‌ای‌ها (از 8/3 به 8/0درصد) و گیاهان بالشتکی (از 7/1 به 4/0درصد) شد. و بر لگوم‌ها تأثیر معنی‌داری نداشت. با توجه به آزمون تی غیرجفتی، اثر ‌آتش‌سوزی بر روابط زیستی در کل موجب افزایش تسهیل گونه‌ها نسبت به منطقه شاهد شده است، و همچنین آتش سوزی تأثیر معنی‌داری بر گروه‌های کارکردی نداشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Fire on Biotic Interaction of Onobrychis curnata in Mountain grasslands

نویسندگان [English]

  • Khadije Bahalkeh 1
  • Mehdi Abedi 2
  • Ghasemali Dianati Tilaki 3

1 M. Sc. Student, Department of Range Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Range Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Range Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran

چکیده [English]

The presence of plant species together causes biotic interactions. These interactions are very complex and variable among species which facilitation and competition have the highest impact on ecosystem function. Disturbances including fire are among the environmental factors affecting the biotic interactions. This study aimed on understanding the effect of fire on biotic interactions of cushions and grassland species. Therefore, to survey the effects of fire on the biotic interaction, 30 individuals of non burned Onobrychis cornuta and also 30 individuals of burnt patches were selected. In addition, 30 paired plots for each individual was randomly established close to each patches. According to our results, the effect of fire was not significant on total cover, but fire increased the perennial forbs (from 4.7 to 11.3 %), geophytes (from 0.1 to 0.5 %), annual forbs (from 0.1 to 2.3 %), annual grasses (from 0 to 0.1 %) and also decreased the perennial grasses (from 7.2 to 4.9 %), shrubs (from 3.8 to 0.8 %) and cushions (from 1.7 to 0.4 %) and no significant effects on legumes. Only the annual grasses increased under the burned patches. According to the T-test results of total biotic interactions, fire facilitated species but it was not significant for functional groups.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • fire
  • Disturbance
  • Onobrychis Cornuta
  • Facilitation
  • Competition
  • Biotic Interaction
  • Functional Groups
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تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران
دوره 25، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 70
فروردین 1397
صفحه 140-151
فایل ها
هم رسانی
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