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بررسی اثر عملیات کپه کاری بر تغییرات بانک بذر خاک (مطالعه موردی: زیرحوزه سیساب خراسان شمالی)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات مرتع، موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار دانشکده کویر شناسی دانشگاه سمنان، ایران

چکیده

این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تغییرات بانک بذر خاک در اجرای عملیات اصلاحی کپه‌کاری در منطقه سیساب استان خراسان شمالی انجام شد. جهت شناخت پتانسیل‌های بانک بذر نمونه‌برداری به روش تصادفی- سیستماتیک از دو عمق 5-0 و 10-5 سانتی متری در زمستان 1394 در 40 پلات انجام شد. 2 ترانسکت (به طول پانصد متر) در منطقه کپه کاری شده و 2 ترانسکت (به طول پانصد متر) در منطقه شاهد (فاقد کپه کاری) مستقر گردید و 10 پلات (یک متر مربعی) به فاصله های 50 متری از هم در امتداد آنها تعیین گردید. جهت بررسی تأثیر عملیات کپه‌کاری و عمق و همچنین اثر متقابل آنها بر روی خصوصیات بانک بذر خاک از آزمایش فاکتوریل استفاده گردید. در مواردی که اثر متقابل عملیات کپه‌کاری و عمق معنی‌دار شد از آزمون t غیر جفتی جهت بررسی مقایسه هر کدام از خصوصیات بانک بذر خاک هر کدام از عمق‌های خاک بین منطقه کپه‌کاری شده و شاهد استفاده شد. همچنین جهت مقایسه هر کدام از خصوصیات بذر خاک بین دو عمق از آزمون t جفتی استفاده گردید. نتایج نشان داد عملیات کپه‌کاری تأثیر معنی‌داری بر روی خصوصیات بانک بذر خاک گذاشته است و تراکم، تنوع و غنای گونه‌ای بانک بذر خاک در منطقه کپه‌کاری به‌طور معنی‌داری بیشتر از منطقه شاهد بود. همچنین تمامی خصوصیات بانک بذر عمق سطحی خاک به‌طور معنی‌داری بیشتر از عمق پایینی بود. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که اجرای طرح کپه‌کاری نه تنها سبب افزایش تولید علوفه در منطقه شده است بلکه تنوع و تراکم بذور در بانک بذر را نیز در این منطقه افزایش داده است که نتیجه نهایی آن بهبود عملکرد اکوسیستم مرتعی خواهد بود.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of pit-seeding on changes in soil seed bank (Case study: Sisab, North Khorasan)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nadia Kamali 1
  • ahmad sadeghipour 2
  • Alireza Eftekhari 1

1 Assistant Professor, Rangeland Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran

2 Assistant Professor, Desert studies faculty, Semnan University, Iran

چکیده [English]

This study was conducted to investigate the changes in the soil seed bank of Sisab region due to the pit-seeding operation. To recognize the seed bank potentials, sampling was done using a randomized-systematic method at tow depths of 0-5 and 5-10 cm in winter 2016. Two transects of 500-m length were stablished in the pit-seeding region and in the control area and 10 plots of 1m2 were used along each transect. To study the effects of pit-seeding and soil depth as well as their interaction on the soil seed bank characteristics, a factorial design was applied. In the case that the interaction between pit-seeding and depth was significant, the unpaired T-test was applied to study the seed bank characteristics in each depth of the pit-seeding and control regions. A paired T-test was also used to compare the seed bank characteristics between the two depths. The results showed that pit-seeding had significant effect on soil seed bank characteristics and caused to increased density, diversity, and species richness of seed bank.  In addition, all characteristics of the soil seed bank were significantly higher in the top soil. Our results clearly showed that the pit-seeding operation not only increased the forage production in the study area but also increased the diversity and seed density, whose ultimate result could improve the rangeland ecosystem function.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Soil seed bank
  • Density
  • species diversity
  • Sisab
  • pit-seeding
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تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران
دوره 25، شماره 3
آذر 1397
صفحه 686-698
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