همکاری با انجمن علمی مدیریت و کنترل مناطق بیابانی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای بیابان‌زدایی، گروه بیابان‌زدایی، دانشکده کویرشناسی، دانشگاه سمنان، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه بیابان‌زدایی، دانشکده کویرشناسی، دانشگاه سمنان، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه بیابان‌زدایی، دانشکده کویرشناسی، دانشگاه سمنان، ایران

4 استادیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ابوعلی سینا همدان، ایران

چکیده

فقدان کسب و کار مناسب از عوامل مؤثر بر بهره‌برداری بیش از توان از منابع طبیعی و بیابان‌زایی است. درآمد سرانه پایین، پس‌انداز کم و عدم دسترسی به اعتبارات برای مردم فقیر به‌ویژه برای زنان ایجاد مشکل نموده و امکان توسعه خود اشتغالی، مشاغل مولد و کسب و کارهای درآمدزا را از بین می‌برد. در مناطق خشک و بیابانی در چنین شرایطی تنها مسیر معاش افزایش فشار به بوم‌سازگان و بهره‌برداری غیر‌اصولی است. اعتبارات خرد برای زنان فاقد درآمد یکی از راهکارهای احتمالی دستیابی به توسعه اقتصادی و اجتماعی پایدار در این مناطق مطرح شده است. هدف از انجام این مطالعه، بررسی نقش اعتبارات صندوق‌های خرد اعتباری در توانمندسازی و تغییر نگرش محیط زیستی زنان روستایی است. روش تحقیق این پژوهش توصیفی-‌تحلیلی می‌باشد. نمونه آماری شامل 188 نفر از زنان روستایی عضو صندوق‌های خرد اعتباری منطقه سربیشه، استان خراسان جنوبی است. برای اطمینان از روایی پرسشنامه، کمیته تحقیق سئوالات ابعاد مختلف پرسشنامه را مورد بررسی و تأیید قرار داد. سطح پایایی پرسشنامه تحقیق با استفاده از روش آلفای کرونباخ 952/0 بدست آمد. از آزمون همبستگی پیرسون، مقایسه میانگین‌ و تحلیل واریانس یک‌طرفه و آزمون‌های تعقیبی POST HOC و LSD در تحلیل آماری در محیط نرم‌افزار SPSS استفاده گردید. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد ارتباط معنی‌داری بین توانمندسازی زنان روستایی و متغیرهای سن، میزان سال‌های عضویت در صندوق‌های خرد، سطح تحصیلات، کفایت وام، مبلغ وام، درآمد ماهیانه و نگرش محیط‌زیستی آنان وجود دارد و سطح توان‌افزایی و نگرش محیط‌زیستی بین زنان روستایی متفاوت می‌باشد. یافته‌های تحقیق نشان داد که اعتبارات صندوق‌های خرد به خوبی توانسته با جلب مشارکت زنان به‌عنوان همیاران دائم در مدیریت و کنترل بیابان زمینه بهبود وضعیت اقتصادی – اجتماعی جوامع محلی را فراهم آورد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Rural women's microfinance funds mediator to change in environmental attitudes and desert control and management-Case study: carbon sequestration project, south Khorasan

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Javad Nematollahi 1
  • Seyed Hasan Kaboli 2
  • Mohammadreza Yazdani 3
  • Yaser Mohammadi 4

1 Ph.D. Candidate in Combat to Desertification Department, Faculty of Desert Studies, University of Semnan, Iran

2 Assistant Professor of Combat to Desertification Department, Faculty of Desert Studies, University of Semnan, Iran

3 Associate Professor of Combat to Desertification Department, Faculty of Desert Studies, University of Semnan, Iran

4 Assistant Professor of Agricultural Education and Extension Department, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran

چکیده [English]

Lack of proper business is one of the factors affecting the exploitation of natural resources and desertification. Low per capita income, low savings and lack of access to credit for poor people, especially for women, make it difficult to eliminate self-employment, productive jobs and income-generating businesses. In desert and arid areas, under such conditions, livelihoods are the only way to increase the pressure on ecosystems and unskilled exploitation. Microfinance for women without income is one of the possible ways of achieving sustainable economic and social development in these areas. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of credit microfinance funds on the empowerment of rural women as the weakest economic community in these areas. The research method was descriptive-analytic. A sample of 188 rural women members of the Southern Khorasan Mortgage Fund was considered. To ensure the validity of the questionnaire, the research committee examined and verified the various dimensions of the questionnaire. The reliability level of the questionnaire was obtained using Cronbach's alpha (0.952). Pearson correlation test, mean comparison, and ANOVA and POST HOC and LSD post hoc tests were used in statistical analysis in SPSS software environment. The results of this study showed that there was a meaningful relationship between the empowerment of rural women and age variables, the number of years of membership in welfare funds, educational level, loan adequacy, loan amount, monthly income and their environmental outlook, and the level of empowerment varied among rural women. The research findings showed that microfinance credits were able to improve the socio-economic status of local communities by attracting women's participation as permanent partners in desert management.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Microcredit
  • environment attitude
  • desert control and management
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