Ezatollah Moradi; Gholamali Heshmati; Amirahmad Dehghani
Volume 26, Issue 4 , December 2019, , Pages 941-952
Abstract
Nowadays, biological crusts, including lichens, are used as a living biological indexes. The Main objective of this study is evaluation of lichen diversity trends at differences grazing intensity in the mountain rangelands of Semorom in Isfahan province. The lichen diversity is dependent variable and ...
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Nowadays, biological crusts, including lichens, are used as a living biological indexes. The Main objective of this study is evaluation of lichen diversity trends at differences grazing intensity in the mountain rangelands of Semorom in Isfahan province. The lichen diversity is dependent variable and grazing intensity (consists of 5 stoking rate 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3 animal unit per hectare) considerd as independent variable. Each stoking rate studied along 4 years by implementing 5 management scenarios (grazing and ungrazing alternatively and consecutively). The presence and absence of lichens was performed by random sampling method using transects and sampling units. The lichen diversity analyzed by PAST software and the relationship between variables was calculated by SPSS. The result showed that the lichens diversity is a good indicates of pressure on rangeland ecosystems. In management of rangeland ecosystems, lichen diversity can be used as an ecological indicator for rangeland ecosystems under pressure or non-pressure. Also, the best grazing management scenario for this area is suggested based on the variation of lichen diversity, alternating grazing scenario (every one year between grazing and resting depending on rangeland status and range method).
Elham Fakhimi abarghoie; Mansur Mesdaghi; ghasem ali Dianati tilaki
Volume 18, Issue 2 , September 2011, , Pages 219-230
Abstract
The large scale degradation of rangelands in Iran can be largely attributed to overgrazing. So investigation on the effects of grazing on vegetation parameters is vital to control the rangeland ecosystems degradation. The object of this study is to investigate the effect of heavy, moderate, and ...
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The large scale degradation of rangelands in Iran can be largely attributed to overgrazing. So investigation on the effects of grazing on vegetation parameters is vital to control the rangeland ecosystems degradation. The object of this study is to investigate the effect of heavy, moderate, and light grazing intensity on production, canopy cover, litter, stone, grovel and bare soil in steppe zone of central Iran (Nodushan summer rangelands). For this research, stratified systematic-random sampling was use in a completely randomized block design. On each plot of 2m2, canopy cover percentages and density of plant species, dry matter of palatable species, litter, stone, grovel, and bare soils were estimated. Classification of the sampling site was based on TWINSPAN (Two Ways Indicator Species Analysis). In order to study the effects of grazing intensities on vegetation parameters and their relationships with the distance of watering points, ANOVA and Pearson’s correlation were employed. By using of TWINSPAN, the samples were classified in to, 3 groups. Results were shown that canopy cover percentage of palatable plants and production at different grazing pressure were significant (P<0.05). Litter percentage, stone, grovel, and bare soil percentages of heavy grazing was significantly different with moderate and light intensities of grazing (P<0.05). Canopy cover percentage of unpalatable plants and density of plants were not significant at three different grazing pressure (P>0.05).