Ronak Shirzadian Gilan; yahya parvizi; Ebrahim Pazira; Farhad Rejali
Volume 28, Issue 2 , June 2021, , Pages 381-394
Abstract
Soil pollution by petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants is one of the most important environmental problems in different parts of the world. In the oil-rich regions of the west of the country and recent years, the depreciation of the oil extraction and exploitation system has led to leakage and distribution ...
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Soil pollution by petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants is one of the most important environmental problems in different parts of the world. In the oil-rich regions of the west of the country and recent years, the depreciation of the oil extraction and exploitation system has led to leakage and distribution of oil pollutants in the soil and biological resources of the region. This study aimed to investigate the potential use of native rangeland plants and the addition of bacteria, and the amount of appropriate fertilizer to reduce pollution of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) in the soil. The pot experiment was performed in the form of a factorial design with a completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications. Plant treatments included three native or compatible plants of Medicago sativa, Agropyron trichophorum, and Atriplex canescens and bacterial treatments included Bacillus pumilus (B1), Pseudomonas putida (B2), and the combined use of these two bacteria with fertilizer recommendation based on soil testing. Also, control treatment (no plant culture, no bacterial inoculation, and no fertilization) was applied. The results showed that Medicago sativa, with a 55.16% reduction in soil TPHs had better performance than other plants. Inoculation of B1 bacterium in interaction with Medicago sativa and Agropyron trichophorum by decomposing 56.19% of soil TPHs was more successful than B2. However, Atriplex canescens was more successful than B1 in interacting with B2 bacteria and decomposing 54.64% of soil TPHs. With full fertilizer recommendation, Medicago sativa and Atriplex canescens plants were most effective, with a 68.56% reduction in soil TPHs. In soil treatment without plant cultivation, B2 bacterium had the best performance along with fertilizer recommendation. Bacteria improve phytoremediation efficiency by improving metabolic activities and developing the root system, and ultimately increasing plant biomass. The results showed a significant effect of interaction between bacteria and plant type on plant shoot dry weight at the level of α = 0.01.
Hamidreza Mirdavodi; Hojatolah Zahedipour
Volume 11, Issue 4 , September 2019, , Pages 425-448
Mohsen Shabani; Maryam Azarakhshi; Jalil Farzadmehr; Masoud Bazrafshan
Volume 26, Issue 2 , July 2019, , Pages 423-431
Abstract
The cultivation of plants that are resistant in difficult environmental conditions is an effective solution for reclamation of lands; thus, recognizing the effects of cultivation of different plants on soil and vegetation cover could be a suitable guide to select proper species by ...
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The cultivation of plants that are resistant in difficult environmental conditions is an effective solution for reclamation of lands; thus, recognizing the effects of cultivation of different plants on soil and vegetation cover could be a suitable guide to select proper species by experts. The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of range improvement and reclamation practices on soil and vegetation cover characteristics in Jannat Abad rangeland. For this purpose, four transects of 100-m length and two transects of 100-m length were established with 100-m intervals in the seedling area (Atriplex canescens and Haloxylon aphyllum) and the control area (natural vegetation), respectively. Along each transect, 10 plots of 4m2 were sampled. In each plot, the vegetation data including canopy cover percentage, litter, gravel, bare soil, dominant species, and plant density were measured. Soil profiles were dug at the beginning and end of each transect. Soil sampling was performed from 0-30, 30-60 and 60-90 cm depths. Then, soil chemical and physical properties including electrical conductivity, pH, organic matter, phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen, bulk density, clay, silt, and sand percentage. The collected data were analyzed by independent t-test with SPSS software. Results showed that the cultivation of Atriplex canescens caused an increase in canopy cover percentage, density, and potassium content in the first and second depths (P<0.01), and caused an increase in the nitrogen content of the first depth, organic matter of the second depth, electrical conductivity of the first and second depths, and silt percentage in the first and third depths (P<0.05). It also caused a decrease in soil pH and sand percentage of the second and third depths (P<0.05). The cultivation of Haloxylon aphyllum caused an increase in density, electrical conductivity of the first depth, and a decrease in clay percentage in the third depth (P<0.05), compared to the control area.
Daryoush Ghorbanian; Mansour Ghodrati; Heidar Sharafieh; Moslem Mozafari; Amir Moslem
Volume 19, Issue 3 , December 2012, , Pages 443-456
Abstract
In this study, species of Salsola rigida, Seidlitzia rosmarinus, Atriplex canescens andAnabasis setifera were investigated to identify appropriate species for planting together withHaloxylon ammodendron. This research was aimed to use spaces among shrub species and toenhance the ecosystems in which H. ...
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In this study, species of Salsola rigida, Seidlitzia rosmarinus, Atriplex canescens andAnabasis setifera were investigated to identify appropriate species for planting together withHaloxylon ammodendron. This research was aimed to use spaces among shrub species and toenhance the ecosystems in which H. Ammodendron species are distributed. The study wasperformed in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications and six treatments atresearch station of natural resources of Semnan. The measured traits were included annualgrowth (measuring the thickest branch, flowering branch and the length of horizontal branches),forage yield and seedling establishment. Results of analysis of variance showed that there wereno significant differences among blocks. A significant difference was observed for seedlingestablishment at 1% level of probability. High growth and canopy cover of H. ammodendronsignificantly differed with other species. A. setifera, S. rosmarinus and A.canescens wererespectively in the best position in term of number of sub-branches. This feature is important incontrolling erosion and resistance to grazing. H. ammodendron, S. rigida and S. rosmarinusshowed suitable condition in terms of forage yield. No significant differences were observed forseedling establishment. Maximum number of the established species were recorded forA.canescens ,S.rigida, N.schoberi, A.setifera, S.rosmarinus and H.ammodendron, respectively.
Abbas Hente; Naser Ansari; Mohammad ali Zare chahuki
Volume 15, Issue 3 , January 2008, , Pages 360-368
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate Atriplex canescens planting in Zarand-e-Saveh rangelands. For this purpose, a questionnaire about effects of Atriplex planting was prepared to be replied by randomly selected people whose herds use the rangelands. The questions were answered by 35 persons in ...
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This study was conducted to evaluate Atriplex canescens planting in Zarand-e-Saveh rangelands. For this purpose, a questionnaire about effects of Atriplex planting was prepared to be replied by randomly selected people whose herds use the rangelands. The questions were answered by 35 persons in 9 different villages. According to the answers, vegetation cover of the subject rangelands has been improved, the composition of herds is constant, and Atriplex plants are used only for grazing. Most of the herders believe that planting by Atriplex resulted in increase of production and quality of range forage, and consequently dairy products and meat production were boosted. Herders think that the fauna of the area has been changed. Conversely, some herders declare that grazing of Atriplex caused some gut damages, diarrhea and abortion in grazing animals. We believe that the reasons of these problems are early season grazing and also lack of diversity in plant composition (mono culturing).
Ebrahim Farahani; Khalil Falahi; Kosar Mirzakhani
Volume 14, Issue 1 , January 2007, , Pages 8-18
Abstract
Rehabilitation of arid and semi-arid rangelands need particular species which are well-adapted to unsuitable regional and ecological condition and can produce enough forages for livestock, rich in nutrition andpalatability as well. Atriplex canescens, an exotic evergreen species which is resistant to ...
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Rehabilitation of arid and semi-arid rangelands need particular species which are well-adapted to unsuitable regional and ecological condition and can produce enough forages for livestock, rich in nutrition andpalatability as well. Atriplex canescens, an exotic evergreen species which is resistant to drought and chilling, has been planted in some rangelands of Iran for several years. Major objectives of this experiment was to determine the best seeding date for producing seedlings and proper young plants for transplanting. Complete Randomized Design with treatment of seeding dates and 3 replications were used in this study. Four characteristics including percentage survivals, plant height, root length and number of branches were measured and analysed statistically. Overall data indicated that mid-August is the best seeding date for desert condition of the study area.
Mahmood khosravi fard; Abbas ali sandgol; Ahmad Akbarinia
Volume 13, Issue 2 , February 2006, , Pages 94-101
Abstract
About 15% of Iranian lands are affected by salinity. Species of chenopodiacea family, such as Atriplex canescens is special for planting in these area. This study was conducted from 1993 to 2003 in Nowdehak rangeland station of Qazvin province. objectives of this research were planting density of Atriplex ...
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About 15% of Iranian lands are affected by salinity. Species of chenopodiacea family, such as Atriplex canescens is special for planting in these area. This study was conducted from 1993 to 2003 in Nowdehak rangeland station of Qazvin province. objectives of this research were planting density of Atriplex canescens. The statistic design was split split plot (using on CRBC) with three replication. Main plot were density (2´2, 4´4, 6´6 meter), sub plots were pruning period (annual, binnial, triennial) and sub sub-plot were hight pruning (control, complete pruning, 20, 40, 60 heights). Result showed that planting density and pruning had significant effect on forage yield (P<0.01). Planting density 2´2 m had higher yield than others treatments. Complete pruning and pruning 20 cm height had no differet yield but produced forage were higher than other treatments. Triennial pruning preiod was better than anuual and binnial praning priod in respect of forage yield. Generally result showed that in this area and similar zone planting, distance (2´2m) with triennial pruning and complete pruning had maximum forage yield.