Niloofar Zare; Sedigheh Zarekia; Parveneh Ashouri
Volume 27, Issue 1 , April 2020, , Pages 134-143
Abstract
In order to achieve a suitable cultivation method and season of Sanguisorba minor in rangelands, the present study was carried out during 2013-2016 in Homand Absard research station. The design was conducted in the form of split plots based on the randomized complete block design with three ...
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In order to achieve a suitable cultivation method and season of Sanguisorba minor in rangelands, the present study was carried out during 2013-2016 in Homand Absard research station. The design was conducted in the form of split plots based on the randomized complete block design with three replications. Factor A was cultivation time (in two levels of fall and spring rangeland) in the main plots and factor B was cultivation method (in two levels of seeding and seeding combined with rainfall storage using crescent bounds) were located in the sub-plots. The percentage of plant establishment was recorded at the end of the growing season in each year. Analysis of variance was performed using SPSS 22 software and the means were compared by Duncan method. The results showed that season and cultivation method had a significant effect on species establishment. Fall cultivation was better than spring and sowing with rainfall storage was better than regular sowing. Last year's results showed that the highest percentage of establishment was related to fall cultivation with rainfall storage with 45% establishment that the seedlings reached flowers and seeds.
Sedighe Zarekia; Parvaneh Ashouri; Mohammad Fayaz; Mahmood Goudarzi; Niloofar Zare
Volume 21, Issue 4 , March 2015, , Pages 676-684
Abstract
Livestock is one of the components of rangeland ecosystems. Different grazing behaviors would be observed according to the climatic conditions, the type of livestock and vegetation. Knowledge of livestock grazing behavior on rangelands could be useful in the planning and utilization of rangelands. For ...
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Livestock is one of the components of rangeland ecosystems. Different grazing behaviors would be observed according to the climatic conditions, the type of livestock and vegetation. Knowledge of livestock grazing behavior on rangelands could be useful in the planning and utilization of rangelands. For this purpose, in this study, the grazing behavior of sheep in the steppe rangeland of Saveh was investigated. Initially, a three-year-old ewe was selected, then, using a geographic positioning system (GPS), the path of movement, the time of arrival and departure of livestock, time of rest and movement speed were recorded. Data were entered into the GIS and statistically analyzed using two-way analysis of variance. Results showed that, except for the livestock average speed, there was no significant difference among the measured parameters of grazing behavior during the four years of study. The time spent for movement and rest in different months of the grazing seasonshowed significant differences, while the length of the grazing path had no significant difference during different months. The highest time spent for movement and rest was attributed to May, although the grazing distance in May was not significantly different from other months, indicating the presence of more and better forage for grazing in this month. The lowest average speed of livestock was recorded in May. The most covered distance by sheep occurred in slope gradient ranging from 0 to 8% with dominant cover of Artemisia sieberi and Salsola laricina. Generally, it could be concluded that livestock grazing behavior and rangeland management could be better evaluated using GPS technology and GIS.
sedighe zarekia; hosein arzani; mohamad jafari; noloufar zare
Volume 22, Issue 4 , March 2015, , Pages 745-756
Abstract
This research was aimed to investigate the effects of different grazing systems and intensities on soil and vegetation properties. Initially, the canopy cover percentage, density, and species height were measured using systematic random sampling. To investigate the changes in soil parameters in ...
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This research was aimed to investigate the effects of different grazing systems and intensities on soil and vegetation properties. Initially, the canopy cover percentage, density, and species height were measured using systematic random sampling. To investigate the changes in soil parameters in each area, 15 soil profiles were taken from 0 to 20 cm depth by systematic random sampling method. Data were analyzed in a completely randomized design. Also, continuous and heavy grazing during the year led to the removal of key species and changes in species composition. According to the results, continuous and heavy grazing resulted in increased soil potassium and phosphorous content. However, pH in none of the study sites was not statistically significant. Nitrogen and organic matter content did not differ significantly among the study sites. In addition, no grazing at exclosure increased the soil permeability. Although exclosure and rotation grazing at a moderate grazing intensity could desirably increase the vegetation cover, it had no significant effect on soil chemical properties. Generally, since arid regions are fragile ecosystems, the management of these areasshould include economic and biological considerations.
Ahmad Ahmadi; Farhang Ghasriani; Mina Bayat; Elahe Ahmadi; Niloofar Zare
Volume 20, Issue 2 , June 2013, , Pages 320-332
Sedigheh Zarekia; Niloofar Zare; Ali Ehsani; Farhang Jafari; Hasan Yeganeh
Volume 19, Issue 4 , March 2013, , Pages 614-623
Abstract
Each of the range species has certain production in different months and years of grazing seasons. Without understanding the production characteristics of species during grazing season, planning and livestock management is not feasible. Therefore, understanding the annual and monthly production of different ...
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Each of the range species has certain production in different months and years of grazing seasons. Without understanding the production characteristics of species during grazing season, planning and livestock management is not feasible. Therefore, understanding the annual and monthly production of different rangeland types is essential for efficient and effective management of livestock grazing. Consequently, relationships between forage production and climatic variables should be studied. For this purpose, annual forage production was measured in research exclosure of Khoshkerood-Saveh during 2007-2010 by clip and weigh method. Monthly rainfall in this period was calculated using Saveh synoptic station data and then the amount of cumulative rainfall in winter and spring of each year was calculated. Afterward, the relationship between production and winter and spring rainfall as well as rainfall of different months of winter and spring was studied separately. Statistical analysis was performed using Minitab software. Results showed that winter rainfall had no significant impact on the production of perennial species. However, cumulative rainfall in winter and spring showed different effects on forage production of the species. In other words, a significant relationship was observed between the production of Artemisia sieberi and Salsola laricina and rainfall while no significant relationship was recorded between the production of Stipa hohenackeriana and Poa sinaica and rainfall. Also, there was a significant relationship between cumulative rainfall in March and April and annual production of the species
Sadegheh Zarekia; Ali Ehsani; Nilufar Zare; Taghi Mirhaji
Volume 18, Issue 3 , September 2011, , Pages 474-485
Abstract
Information on phenology of the range species is important to manage the plans of plant utilization, control of the livestock entry and exit, seed collection, and understanding of the nutritive value of plant species in different phenology stages. In this study, phenology of three important rangeland ...
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Information on phenology of the range species is important to manage the plans of plant utilization, control of the livestock entry and exit, seed collection, and understanding of the nutritive value of plant species in different phenology stages. In this study, phenology of three important rangeland species namely Astragalus chaborasicus, Poa sinaica and Stipa hohenackeriana was studied in Khoshkehrood saveh region. Vegetative and reproductive data of the mentioned species were recorded once a week for two years (2007 and 2008). Growing Degree Days (GDD) were determined using climate data (temperature and precipitation) collected from the nearest station to Saveh. The results showed that start and end of the phonological stages differed in two different years while GDD was almost same for phonological stages. In other words, phenological stages have constant temperature requirement which after obtaining the required temperature the emergence of the stages are observed and thus GDD is applied for prediction of phenological stages.