Masoumeh Rahimi Dehcheraghi; Hossein Arzani; Hossein Azarnivand; Mohammad Jafari; Mohammadali Zare Chahouki
Volume 30, Issue 1 , April 2023, , Pages 48-59
Maedeh Nasri; Mehdi Ghorbani; mohammad jafari; Hosein Azarnivand; Hamed Rafiee
Volume 23, Issue 2 , September 2016, , Pages 403-396
Abstract
One of the major factors driving ecosystem destruction and various environmental problems such as carbon cycle distortion, which in its turn leads to higher greenhouse gas emission, is ignoring and not specifying different ecosystem services and functions such as carbon sequestration in environmental ...
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One of the major factors driving ecosystem destruction and various environmental problems such as carbon cycle distortion, which in its turn leads to higher greenhouse gas emission, is ignoring and not specifying different ecosystem services and functions such as carbon sequestration in environmental planning and investments and the consequent damages of these neglected functions. Thus, quantification of these functions and services and attempting to determine their economic values financially is more important than ever. The present study seeks to estimate the amount of stocked carbon and produced oxygen by biomass of Mallard County rangelands. Economic valuation of stocked carbon function was carried out by carbon tax method and economic valuation of produced oxygen was done through replacement cost method. It was found out that total carbon storage in the pilot area was 2.43 tons/hectare and the amount of supplied oxygen was 2 tons/ hectare. Overall, carbon stock function was estimated to be equal to 255658701 billion$ and oxygen supply was estimated to be 13290338850 billion $.
Yaser Ghasemi Arian; Hosein Azarnivand; Firoozeh Moghimi Nejad; Mohammad Jafary; Esmaiel Filekesh
Volume 21, Issue 3 , December 2014, , Pages 394-408
Abstract
This research was aimed to determine the rangeland suitability for sheep grazing in Chahtalkh-Sabzevar rangelands using FAO (1990) method. Initially, the DGN maps, including six sheets of 1:25000, topographic map of 1:50000, and geological map of 1:100000 of the study area were prepared and the vegetation ...
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This research was aimed to determine the rangeland suitability for sheep grazing in Chahtalkh-Sabzevar rangelands using FAO (1990) method. Initially, the DGN maps, including six sheets of 1:25000, topographic map of 1:50000, and geological map of 1:100000 of the study area were prepared and the vegetation types were detected. In each vegetation type, range condition, range trend and production were determined to produce the production suitability map. Then, the soil erosion sensitivity map was prepared using EPM method. To study the suitability of water, water sampling was done and the quantity of water was determined. Water samples were transferred to the laboratory to measure TDS, EC and Mg+2 for each sample. Finally, the suitability map of water resources was produced by combining the layers (provided for four slopes including 0-10%, 10-30%, 30-60% and >60%). The final model of rangeland suitability was prepared by overlaying the maps of production suitability, soil susceptibility to erosion and water. According to the obtained results, there is no suitability S1 class in the region and 23.7%, 18.92%, and 56.9% of the study area have S2, S3, and N suitability classes, respectively. Generally, it can be said that the conversion of rangeland to dryland, overgrazing and early grazing, formations susceptible to erosion, low vegetation cover, salinity, and improper distribution of drinking water sources for livestock are considered as the most important limiting factors for sheep grazing.
Reza Yari; Hosein Azarnivand; Mohammad Ali Zare Chahouki; Jalil Farzadmehr; Firoozeh Moghimi Nejad
Volume 21, Issue 2 , August 2014, , Pages 247-259
Abstract
This research was aimed to evaluate the environmental factors affecting the distribution of vegetation in Sarchah Amari ranglands, Birjand. After field visits, five vegetation types were selected based on physiognomy method and soil and vegetation sampling was done in key area of each vegetation ...
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This research was aimed to evaluate the environmental factors affecting the distribution of vegetation in Sarchah Amari ranglands, Birjand. After field visits, five vegetation types were selected based on physiognomy method and soil and vegetation sampling was done in key area of each vegetation type along the transect and within square plots with systematic-random method. Depending on the type and distribution of plant species, the plot size was calculated to be 1.3 and 16 m2 and 45 plots were established in each vegetation type along transects. The percentage of vegetation cover was measured in all plots but soil sampling was done in the first and last plots of each transect at soil depths of 0-30 and 30-80 cm. Soil characteristics including soil texture, percentage of lime, saturated moisture, gypsum, pH, electrical conductivity, sodium, calcium, potassium, magnesium, chlorine and topographic features including slope, aspect and altitude above sea level were measured. Soil and vegetation data were analyzed by PCA and ANOVA. The results of PCA showed that among the environmental factors, EC, the percentage of sand, slope, gypsum, organic matter and the soluble sodium were the most important environmental factors affecting the distribution of vegetation. Overall, these factors could explain 89.73% of the vegetation distribution. The results of ordination (PCA) showed that 70.74% and 18.63% of vegetation distribution were explained by the first and second axes, respectively. The first axis variables included the percentage of sand, electrical conductivity (EC), percentage of gypsum, sodium and the organic matter of first depth. According to the algebraic sign of variables, the distribution of vegetation was positively correlated with the percentage of sand while it showed a negative correlation with electrical conductivity (EC), gypsum, sodium and organic matter in first depth. The second axis variables of the ordination diagram included the percentage of slope and organic matter of second depth and according to the algebraic sign of variables, the distribution of vegetation had a negative correlation with the percentage of slope and soil organic matter of second depth.
Mohammad Jafari; Hossein Azarnivand; Mahshid Souri; Seyedeh Khadijeh Mahdavi
Volume 21, Issue 1 , June 2014, , Pages 95-108
Abstract
Water deficiency and low soil moisture, are considered as limiting factors in rehabilitation and improvement of semi-arid rangelands. Considering the problem of water deficiency and low soil moisture in pastures discussed, rainfall storage projects can be one of suitable strategies to compensate for ...
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Water deficiency and low soil moisture, are considered as limiting factors in rehabilitation and improvement of semi-arid rangelands. Considering the problem of water deficiency and low soil moisture in pastures discussed, rainfall storage projects can be one of suitable strategies to compensate for water shortages in such areas. On the other hand, considering several criteria that must be considered in this selection, makes it difficult to choose the appropriate locations to execute projects such as pitting and furrowing. These factors include technical and social-economical criteria. Meykhoran region in Kermanshah Province was considered in this research. In this study, in order to locate suitable areas for pitting and furrowing projects, spatial decision support system were used in three stages. The first stage involves determining hierarchical levels consisting of object, criteria, sub-criteria, and factors. During the second stage, the standardization of criteria based on fuzzy logic, weighting criteria and sub-criteria based on analytical hierarchy process, and paired comparisons of criteria and sub-criteria, with preference values of one to nine and an inconsistency rate of less than one-tenth, were done in ARC-GIS software by using AHP subprogram. In the final step, after integration of these layers, the final maps of optimal sites for pitting and furrowing were prepared. Using this template to locate other natural resources projects will help to optimize use of spatial data, save time and costs.
Hosein Arzani; Javad Motamedi; Ali Nikkhah; Hosein Azarnivand; Mehdi GHorbani
Volume 20, Issue 3 , November 2013, , Pages 333-344
Hamed Joneidi Jafari; Hosein Azarnivand; Mohammad Ali Zare Chahooki; Mohammad Jafary; Ebrahim Kargari
Volume 20, Issue 2 , June 2013, , Pages 298-308