Yaser Ghasemi Aryan; Hosein Azarnivand; Javad Motamedi; Firoozeh Moghiminejad
Volume 31, Issue 1 , June 2024, , Pages 15-27
Abstract
Background and objectivesRangeland management is the science and art of range management and administration, which requires technical and managerial foundations in decision-making and planning to protection, reclamation and sustainably use it, in parallel with each other and in accordance with the range ...
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Background and objectivesRangeland management is the science and art of range management and administration, which requires technical and managerial foundations in decision-making and planning to protection, reclamation and sustainably use it, in parallel with each other and in accordance with the range ecological conditions and beneficiary's socio-economic conditions, especially the pastoralists, should be considered. In the technical basics section, there are always several key projects, including planting, plowing, grazing management, Inter Seeding, Seeding, fertilizing, pitting, ripping, and contour furrowing, each of which has criteria and indicators. Has its own characteristics. Considering the vast area and variety of physiography and geomorphology of the rangelands, any tool that can help experts in selecting improvement and restoration projects by combining indicators can be useful. The purpose of this research is to use the geographic information system to locate suitable areas for range improvement and management projects in the Chahtalkh watershed. MethodologyFor this purpose, based on the range condition and range condition trend, a range method was developed for each plant types. For types with excellent to good condition, equilibrium method was recommended, and for types with moderate condition, natural method and consequently grazing systems were recommended. Artificial or improvement range management, were considered for types that were poor and very poor. In the next step, the homogeneous baseline maps were prepared by combining altitude, slope and direction maps. Subsequently, the homogeneous layer was combined with plant types layer and the final homogeneous units. Based on the rangeland condition and suitability yield of plant types, geological maps, soil characteristics, iso-therms, iso-rain and water resources, the characteristics of each homogeneous unit were extracted in GIS environment. Considering effective ecological and environmental criteria and indices to perform range improvement and management operations and to match the characteristics of each homogenous unit, the type of rangeland management and management operations in each homogenous unit was proposed and based on this, a round map was prepared. Finally, by superimposing the map of range improvement and management operations and customary systems, the range management model of the region was presented. ResultsAccording to the results, a wide range of rangelands have poor and very poor conditions that require artificial range management. The resulting management model showed that in 10.6% of rangelands, contour farro, in 8.3%, pitting and in 5.9%, ripping is recommended. In 29.3% of rangelands, grazing management and in 14.6% prevent livestock from entering (exclosure) are recommended. ConclusionThe model presented in the Chah Talkh watershed, which was obtained by combining the layers of RANGE condition and range condition trend, suitability yield of plant types, land use, soil texture and depth, elevation class, slope and direction, temperature and rainfall lines, and the map of customary systems, can play a significant role in provide a comprehensive and all-round management. The model enables quick and easy access to all ecological and environmental criteria and environmental parameters for effective range improvement and range management. In this regard, weighting indicators and using multi-variable decision-making tools can play an important role in more precisely choosing suitable places for range improvement and revitalization projects.
hosein arzani; Javad Moetamedi; Firoozeh Moghimi nejad; reza siahmansour
Volume 22, Issue 4 , March 2015, , Pages 607-614
Abstract
In the present study, the forage quality of five range species including Astragalus remotijugus, Hordeum bulbosum, Onobrychis melanotricha, Phlomis persica, and Picris sterigosa were evaluated in 2010. At each phenological stage, three samples and for each sample, at least five species were cut randomly. ...
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In the present study, the forage quality of five range species including Astragalus remotijugus, Hordeum bulbosum, Onobrychis melanotricha, Phlomis persica, and Picris sterigosa were evaluated in 2010. At each phenological stage, three samples and for each sample, at least five species were cut randomly. Then samples were air-dried and grinded. The amount of crude protein (CP) and acid detergent fibers (ADF) was measured in laboratory then dry matter digestibility (DMD) and metabolism energy (ME) was evaluated by the proposed equations.Our results showed that the interaction effect of species and growth stage was significant for the forage quality traits studied (p<0.05) and the forage quality of the species study species varied at different growth stages. The highest amount of crud protein (18.17 %) was related to the vegetative growth stage of Phlomis persica, and the lowest amount was related to the seeding stage of Hordeum bulbosum. The highest level of digestibility (66.44 %) and metabolisable energy (9.30 MJ/KgDM) was measured for the vegetative growth stage of Onobrychis melanotricha, and the lowest amount of digestibility (42.65 %) and metabolisable energy (5.25 MJ/KgDM) was related to the seeding stage of Picris sterigosa. It is concluded that vegetative growth and flowering stages are able to provide the protein requirements and metabolizable energy for the animal unit; however, the final stages of growth is unable to meet the protein requirements, leading to reduced animal performance in the rangeland.. Therefore, the use of supplements in the final stage of growth is recommended for livestock maintenance and the economic efficiency of herd.
Firoozeh Moghiminejad; Mohammad Jafari; Mohammad Ali Zare Chahooki; Yaser Ghasemi Arian; Asghar Kohandel
Volume 21, Issue 4 , March 2015, , Pages 643-650
Abstract
Exclosure is the prevention of livestock access to all or part of the rangeland for one year or a few consecutive years, performed with different goals. This research was aimed to investigate the effect of exclosure on soil physical and chemical properties as well as three main elements of N, P, and ...
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Exclosure is the prevention of livestock access to all or part of the rangeland for one year or a few consecutive years, performed with different goals. This research was aimed to investigate the effect of exclosure on soil physical and chemical properties as well as three main elements of N, P, and K in Nazarabad region, Karaj. Soil sampling was performed in both sites of exclosure and grazing. Soil samples were taken from the beginning, middle and end of the four transects, established in each region, at two soil depths of 0-20 cm and 20-80 cm using systematic random sampling. The following soil properties were measured in the lab: pH, EC, organic matter, saturation percentage, and N, P, K. According to the obtained results, the effect of exclosure on soil N, P, and K was significant; however, exclosure had no significant effect on pH, organic matter and saturation percentage. Overall, our results clearly showed the positive impact of exclosure on soil physical and chemical properties.
Yaser Ghasemi Arian; Hosein Azarnivand; Firoozeh Moghimi Nejad; Mohammad Jafary; Esmaiel Filekesh
Volume 21, Issue 3 , December 2014, , Pages 394-408
Abstract
This research was aimed to determine the rangeland suitability for sheep grazing in Chahtalkh-Sabzevar rangelands using FAO (1990) method. Initially, the DGN maps, including six sheets of 1:25000, topographic map of 1:50000, and geological map of 1:100000 of the study area were prepared and the vegetation ...
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This research was aimed to determine the rangeland suitability for sheep grazing in Chahtalkh-Sabzevar rangelands using FAO (1990) method. Initially, the DGN maps, including six sheets of 1:25000, topographic map of 1:50000, and geological map of 1:100000 of the study area were prepared and the vegetation types were detected. In each vegetation type, range condition, range trend and production were determined to produce the production suitability map. Then, the soil erosion sensitivity map was prepared using EPM method. To study the suitability of water, water sampling was done and the quantity of water was determined. Water samples were transferred to the laboratory to measure TDS, EC and Mg+2 for each sample. Finally, the suitability map of water resources was produced by combining the layers (provided for four slopes including 0-10%, 10-30%, 30-60% and >60%). The final model of rangeland suitability was prepared by overlaying the maps of production suitability, soil susceptibility to erosion and water. According to the obtained results, there is no suitability S1 class in the region and 23.7%, 18.92%, and 56.9% of the study area have S2, S3, and N suitability classes, respectively. Generally, it can be said that the conversion of rangeland to dryland, overgrazing and early grazing, formations susceptible to erosion, low vegetation cover, salinity, and improper distribution of drinking water sources for livestock are considered as the most important limiting factors for sheep grazing.
Mohsen Farahi; Morteza Mofidi Chalan; Firoozeh Moghimi Nejad; Rasoul Khatibi; Esfandiar Jahantab
Volume 21, Issue 2 , August 2014, , Pages 307-316
Abstract
In order to management of rangeland ecosystems, understanding its components and the effect of their interactions on each other including soil and vegetation is essential. For this purpose, present study was conducted to investigate the effects of Haloxylon spp and Tamarix spp species on soil properties ...
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In order to management of rangeland ecosystems, understanding its components and the effect of their interactions on each other including soil and vegetation is essential. For this purpose, present study was conducted to investigate the effects of Haloxylon spp and Tamarix spp species on soil properties in Niatak region of Sistan. After identifying the cultivation sites of these species, soil sampling was conducted for each species in representative areas at the end of the growing season based on randomized systematic method. Soil sampling was carried out at beginning and the end of each transects from 0-10 and 10-20 cm soil depths. Soil sampling was also conducted in the control site and then soil properties including pH, EC,N, P, OM, HCO3, Na, Mgand K were measured. All data were analyzed by independent t-test. Results showed that soil properties significantly decreased at both depths excluding acidity. Other soil properties under Haloxylon spp and Tamarix spp species significantly increased compared to control sites. Potassium content at both depths under Haloxylon spp significantly decreased compared to control site. According to the obtained results, a significant increase in soil fertility indices was recorded for Haloxylon spp plantation, while soil destructive properties increased significantly in Tamarix spp plantation. Therefore, although soil properties were improved by the cultivation of bothstudied species, Haloxylon spp is recommended for this region considering more positive effects of this species on soil properties as well as some negative effects of Tamarix spp.
Fatemeh Nour; Masoud Nasri; Hasan Yeganeh; Firoozeh Moghiminejad; Yaser Ghasemi Aryan; Jamal Bani name
Volume 20, Issue 3 , November 2013, , Pages 522-530