Ali Farahani; Hamidreza Mirdavoudi; Gholamreza Goudarzi
Volume 29, Issue 4 , January 2023, , Pages 498-512
Abstract
Atriplex canescens James is one of the successful non-native species in improving and rehabilitating the desert rangelands of Markazi province, which has been cultivated in a large area of saline habitats along the Meyghan playa (about 12,000 ha) since 1981. This species after a few years of growth becomes ...
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Atriplex canescens James is one of the successful non-native species in improving and rehabilitating the desert rangelands of Markazi province, which has been cultivated in a large area of saline habitats along the Meyghan playa (about 12,000 ha) since 1981. This species after a few years of growth becomes woody and the density of green aerial organs, survival and forage production decrease. Increasing forage production, vitality and viability of this plant are the requirements for the management of these habitats and pruning is one of the necessities to achieve this. In this study, pruning and census operations have been carried out in three study sites with an average area of one hectare located in the Meyghan playa for four years to determine the appropriate level or height of pruning. At each site, four levels of pruning, including pruning from the ground and pruning from heights of 20, 40, 60 cm and control (without pruning) have been applied. Each treatment was performed on 16 A.canescens stands with an average diameter of canopy and height of 160 and 115 cm, an average production of 530 g per stand and an average of 34 years of age. Pruning was done in March of the first year of study and vitality, forage yield, height, canopy diameter and survival rate factors were inventory in three years later. Data collected and analysed using two way ANOVA (Sits and treatments) based on completely randomized design. Based on the results, in two sites located in the northern and western regions of Meyghan playa with an approximate number of 400 stands per hectare and an age of 38 years of rangeland planting, pruning treatments from heights of 60, 40, 20 cm and pruning from the ground from A.canescens had more favorable effects in terms of increasing vitality and forage production. On the site located in the southern part of the Meyghan playa, with an approximate number of 350 stands per hectare and an age of 30 years of rangeland planting, pruning from ground surface and pruning treatments from heights of 20, 40, 60 cm respectively have been useful in terms of vitality and forage production. In total, after three years used of pruning from ground surface and pruning treatments from heights of 20, 40 and 60 cm, the average yield of A.canescens respectively were 690, 679, 658 and 818 g per plant rootstock. To improve the characteristics of A.canescens species in terms of positive plant factors such as vitality, survival and forage yield, in Atriplex cultivation areas of the northern and western margins of Meyghan playa with an age of 38 years of rangeland planting, pruning operations from a height of 60 cm and for southern areas of Meyghan playa with an age of 30 years of rangeland planting, pruning from the ground is determined and proposed.
Hassan Ghelichnia; Hamidreza Mirdavoudi; Ali Cherati
Volume 29, Issue 4 , January 2023, , Pages 513-529
Abstract
Understanding the ecological characteristics of plant species and how they respond to environmental factors provides information necessary for vegetation management and rangeland management. Therefore, in the present study, the ecological needs of the species Salsola kerneri (Wol) Botsch with emphasis ...
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Understanding the ecological characteristics of plant species and how they respond to environmental factors provides information necessary for vegetation management and rangeland management. Therefore, in the present study, the ecological needs of the species Salsola kerneri (Wol) Botsch with emphasis on determining the ecological factors affecting vegetation changes and investigating the response of these species to ecological factors changes using Canonical Correspondona Analysis (CCA) and Generalized Additive Models (GAM) in Mazandaran province were discussed. Data were analyzed using SPSS17 and CANOC 4.5 software. The results showed that S.kerneri showed a significant response to some of environmental factors in its habitat. The response pattern of S.kerneri along the Ec, pH and Tnv (Lime) followed the monotonic increase model and increased with increasing values, abundance and percentage of vegetation. Therefore, with the increase of these factors in a certain range, the coverage percentage of this species increases. The response of this species along the pH of soil followed the monotonic increase model and by increasing this factor, the presence and percentage of vegetation decreased. The response of this species along the organic matter (%) of organic carbon (%), nitrogen (%) and litter%) followed the monotonic decrease model and by increasing this factor, the presence and percentage of vegetation decreased. The response pattern of S.kerneri along the clay (%),soil specific gravity, Altitude of sea, mean annual temperature, potassium (ppm) and phosphorus (ppm) followed the unimodal model and its optimum growth rate for these factors were 11%, 1.1 g/cm3,13C°,1700m,12.5°C, 700 ppm and 5 ppm respectively. It grows in lands with low to relatively high slopes, but it has more abundance in slopes of 40-50%. The highest cover percentage of this species in the eastern slopes and the lowest in the northeastern slopes. The stone (%), sand (%) and silt (%) response also followed the bimodal model. The study of this species response curve along the slope of topographic and soil factors provided valuable information to determine the ecological needs of this species that can be considered in rangeland improvement operations in similar areas.
Ali Farahani; alireza eftekhari; Hamidreza Mirdavoudi; Gholamreza Goudarzi
Volume 29, Issue 3 , October 2022, , Pages 201-210
Abdolhamid Hajebi; Hamidreza Mirdavoudi; Mohammad Amin Soltanipoor
Volume 29, Issue 1 , February 2022, , Pages 66-85
Abstract
Taverniera spartea is one of the most important species in the Gulf and Omani rangelands. In this study, some ecological needs of Taverniera spartea and their response to soil and topographic factors in three main habitats in Hormozgan province (Siahoo, Ahmadi and Bashagard) were determined. The results ...
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Taverniera spartea is one of the most important species in the Gulf and Omani rangelands. In this study, some ecological needs of Taverniera spartea and their response to soil and topographic factors in three main habitats in Hormozgan province (Siahoo, Ahmadi and Bashagard) were determined. The results showed that the percentage of cover was significant at the level of 1% and the percentage of bare soil and the percentage of rocks and pebbles at the level of 5% was significant. Applying the generalized collective model for each of the environmental variables showed that the variables of soil lime percentage, clay percentage, acidity, soil organic carbon content, soil nitrogen and bare soil percentage on species yield are significant. Increasing the percentage of soil clay from the Monotonic decrease, increasing the acidity of the soil, from the Bimodal distribution, increasing the amount of soil lime and also the percentage of bare soil from the Unimodal and increasing the percentage of organic carbon and soil nitrogen from the Monotonic increase followed. The phenological study of the species showed that the growth of this plant starts from the second decade of November and from the third decade of May, enters a stage of stagnation. Considering the nutritional value of the species and its role in the protection of rangeland soil, it is recommended to plant this species in the degraded rangeland areas that have the conditions for its establishment.
Hamidreza Mirdavoudi; Ehsan Zandi Esfahan; Gholamreza Goudarzi; Ali Famaheini
Volume 28, Issue 2 , June 2021, , Pages 328-340
Abstract
In this study, the initial assessment of carbon storage in plant communities of Lycium depressum Stocks and Zygophylum fabago L. was done in the Meyghan playa, Arak. Plant sampling was done by the random-systematic method. To determine the aboveground and underground biomass, ...
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In this study, the initial assessment of carbon storage in plant communities of Lycium depressum Stocks and Zygophylum fabago L. was done in the Meyghan playa, Arak. Plant sampling was done by the random-systematic method. To determine the aboveground and underground biomass, a clipping method was used, and these organs were weighed separately. The organic carbon of plant samples was determined by the ash method. Soil studies were performed in each plant type, in the depth of plant rooting, as well as in areas without plants. The data were analyzed by SPSS24 software. The results showed that the soil and plant average carbon sequestration of Z. fabago habitat was 14.61 and 0.18, and in L. depressum type was 13.8 and 0.425 ton/ha. This difference was not significant at the 5% level. Soil carbon sequestration increased significantly in areas covered with studied species (t = - 6.902, p < /em> = 0.001), compared to the areas without any vegetation cover. The carbon conversion coefficient of above and underground organs of the studied plants was significant at the level of 5% and the carbon sequestration of aboveground parts of the plant to underground carbon sequestrated ratio in Z. fabago and L. depressum was 2.43 and 2.08, respectively. Considering the carbon storage capacity of plants studied (in the soil and plant), it can be concluded that these plants can play an important role in carbon sequestration at the least possible cost, and mitigation of climate change consequences in arid regions.
Hamidreza Mirdavoudi; Vahid Etemad; Mohammadreza Mohajer; Ghavamoddin Zahedi Amiri
Volume 25, Issue 1 , April 2018, , Pages 116-128
Abstract
Grazing is one of the most important factors in providing environmental conditions for change in species composition, structure and function of ecosystems. West oak woodlands of Iran as a valuable ecosystem are not immune from this threat. Therefore, it is essential to study the various ...
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Grazing is one of the most important factors in providing environmental conditions for change in species composition, structure and function of ecosystems. West oak woodlands of Iran as a valuable ecosystem are not immune from this threat. Therefore, it is essential to study the various aspects of this phenomenon in these ecosystems. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of relative grazing intensity on vegetation characteristics in an oak forest dominated by Quercus brantii. The research was conducted in Dalab Park, located in Ilam province, west of Iran. Information of vegetation, soil and other environmental variables were collected from 53 sample plots (16×16 m) using the random sampling method in various disturbances classes. Two-way indicator species analysis was used for classification of the ecological groups. Indicator species analysis was used to determine indicator species in each class and canonical correspondence analysis to identify the relationship between factors and the plant groups studied. The results showed that the grazing as well as soil, topographic factors and the light reaching to the forest floor was identified as the most influential factors on plant composition. Grazing explained the highest percentage of variance (11.2%) in floristic composition and caused an increased frequency of non-palatable species and resistant species to grazing and soil compaction as well as increasing of annuals including Bromus tectorum, Picnomon acarna, Minuartia picta, Rochelia disperma, Holesteum umbellatum, Lophocloa phlorides, and Valerianella vesicaria. These species were identified as invasive species based on density, abundance, and available resources. On the other hand, it seems that the spread of palatable species such as Vicia sativa,Trifolium physodes, Lens cyanea, and Lathyrus inconspicaus in the moderate grazing site indicates the role of balanced livestock grazing in maintaining the proper species composition in rangelands.
Hamidreza Mirdavoodi
Volume 21, Issue 1 , June 2014, , Pages 165-175
Abstract
In this study, the adaptation of six species was investigated in a split plot design for autumn and spring sowings with three replications. The study was conducted in Khoshkrood Aquifer, located in the northwestern of Saveh for three years (2007-2010). The study area has a mean annual rainfall of 234.8 ...
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In this study, the adaptation of six species was investigated in a split plot design for autumn and spring sowings with three replications. The study was conducted in Khoshkrood Aquifer, located in the northwestern of Saveh for three years (2007-2010). The study area has a mean annual rainfall of 234.8 mm, loamy-textured soil, low soil salinity, a soil alkalinity of 8.1 with an appropriate infiltration and high drainage. The study range species were cultivated in pots with a distance of 2.5 m from each other, in late December and early March. According to the results, the highest and lowest viability were recorded for Kochia prostrate and Atriplex canescens (76.9 and 61.6%, respectively) and Halimion verrucifera (14.4%). In addition, the study species showed different responses during the years of experiment with a significant difference in the years of study. Results showed that the highest and lowest vegetation cover and vitality were recorded for K. prostrate and H. verrucifera, respectively with a significant difference at 1% level.The results of mean comparisons of vegetation and vitality were significant in different years at 1% level. However, the effect of sowing date was not significant on viability, vegetation cover and vitality, although the values of these factors were more in autumn sowing as compared to spring sowing. Overall, K. prostrate, a native species to the region, showed superiority in terms of establishment, vitality and vegetation cover as compared to other study species; therefore, the cultivation of this species is recommended for this region.
Hamid reza Mirdavudi; Abassali Sanadgol
Volume 16, Issue 2 , December 2009, , Pages 190-199
Abstract
In this research, first of all the key and important species as well as associated species of rangelands were recognized, then morphological and seasonal changes and preference value were determined on the selected species such as Artemisia aucheri, Kochia prostrata, Bromus tomentellus, Asperula glomerata ...
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In this research, first of all the key and important species as well as associated species of rangelands were recognized, then morphological and seasonal changes and preference value were determined on the selected species such as Artemisia aucheri, Kochia prostrata, Bromus tomentellus, Asperula glomerata and Buffonia cf.koelzii. In this research phonological stages of plants divided into 3 main stages including vegetative, flowering and seed maturity. Species preference values were studied with the method of time measurement. Effective factors on species palatability such as morphological characteristics, phonology, and chemical factors (Carbohydrates, Hemi cellulose, Protein…) of the species also were investigated. In the final step, data obtained in measurement time method were compared with environmental and morphological characteristics of the species as well as forage quality. The palatable species such as Bromus tomentellus, Asperula glomerata, Buffonia cf.koelzii and annual grasses were severally grazed in early time of the season. Rate of the grazing of, the species As. glomerata, Bu. cf.koelzii, Br. tomentellus and Ar.aucheri were 56, 59, 74 and 43 percent respectively. The laboratory analysis of forage quality also showed that there are positive correlation between moisture, protein and soluble sugar percentage with rate of forage use percentage. The regression equation showed that the amount of humidity, protein and soluble sugar with 56, 21 and 10 percent respectively shared in this model and high correlation of these factors showed their important role.
Hamid reza Mir davoodi; Hojat.. Zahedi poor; Hamid reza Moradi; Gholam reza Godarzi
Volume 15, Issue 2 , January 2008, , Pages 242-255
Abstract
Improper management and unsuitable exploitation of land are the two most important problems of land resources utilization in the country. Unsuitable pattern of landuse together with sever landuse changes causes different environmental crisis including: environmental pollution and deterioration, expanding ...
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Improper management and unsuitable exploitation of land are the two most important problems of land resources utilization in the country. Unsuitable pattern of landuse together with sever landuse changes causes different environmental crisis including: environmental pollution and deterioration, expanding desertification, soil erosion, natural resources depletion, reduction of biological diversity and reduction the potential of land capability. These problems significantly influence the production resources of recent and future generation and prevent sustainable development of the country. In this research, ecological land capability of Markazi Province that is the most important part of the procedure of landuse planning were determined with preparing ecological resources maps such as topography with scale of 1/25000, geology, soil, climate and related parameters, vegetation cover, faults, water resources and etc. Slop, aspect and height class maps also were established based on Digital elevation model of the area and integrated together to form landform map of the Province. Environmental units with base 1, 2 and 3 also were established with overlaying land form, soil and vegetation maps. Ecological land capability of agricultural and rangeland were put in 7 classes. The results show that from total 2921364.6h area of Markazi Province, 15000 ecological units could be determined of which 121689.5h or %4.16 were in class of 1, 191634.77 h or %6 in class of 2, 615791.5 h or %21.07 in class of 3, 569834.8 h or %19 in class of 4, 1170699.6h or %40 in class of 5, 188381.18 h or %6.44 in class of 6 and 63333.2 h or %2.16 in class of 7 of agriculture and rangeland ecological capabilities.
Ali Ehsani; Hosein Arzani; Mahdi Farahpoor; Hasan Ahmadi; Mohammad Jafari; Adel Jalili; Hamid Reza Mirdavodi; Hamid reza Abbasi; Mojgan Azimi
Volume 14, Issue 2 , January 2007, , Pages 249-260
Abstract
The effects of climatic factors on four dominant range land species of Markazi province, Iran, were studied. Species were Artemisia sieberi, Salsola rigida, Noaea mucronata, Stipa barbata and were monitored from 1998 to 2005. Site is located in steppe lands and called Nemati range, Akhtarabad of Saveh. ...
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The effects of climatic factors on four dominant range land species of Markazi province, Iran, were studied. Species were Artemisia sieberi, Salsola rigida, Noaea mucronata, Stipa barbata and were monitored from 1998 to 2005. Site is located in steppe lands and called Nemati range, Akhtarabad of Saveh. Climatic factors were annual rainfall, rainfall of grazing season plus rainfall of previous year, temperature, solar radiation and wind velocity. Among the main indicators, as results shows, growing season plus previous rainfalls is the most effective indicator on forage production with high and significant correlation. Total yield have positive and significant correlation with growing season rainfall and previous rainfall as well as production of Artemisia sieberi, Salsola rigida. Soil and water regime in dry and semi-dry areas, in growing season, is in a way that plants are dependent on stored moisture. Shrubs, with their deep roots, are more capable of using this moisture. Therefore stored moisture could be known as an indicator of rain quantity. Result of this research showed that rainfall indicator in growing season and previous season is a variable that plays fundamental rule in production, showing a linear relationship. Negative correlation was shown between number of sunny days, total yield and yield of two species, Salsola rigida and Artemisia sieberi.