Gholamhasan Ranjbar; Farhad Dehghani; Mohammad Hadi Sadeghi; Mohammad Javad Babaie-Zarch
Volume 30, Issue 2 , September 2023, , Pages 195-181
Abstract
Background and objectivesDue to the limitations of freshwater resources, using other sources, such as drainage and seawater, is inevitable for fodder production by halophytes. Salicornia species are the most salt-tolerant plants (Eu-halophytes) that grow directly in seawater. The plant shoots could be ...
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Background and objectivesDue to the limitations of freshwater resources, using other sources, such as drainage and seawater, is inevitable for fodder production by halophytes. Salicornia species are the most salt-tolerant plants (Eu-halophytes) that grow directly in seawater. The plant shoots could be used with common fodder plants for livestock feeding. After oil extraction, Salicornia seeds contain 43% protein. The research objective was to select the most suitable Salicornia species in terms of yield and fodder quality in Bushehr Province. MethodologyTo investigate the yield and nutritional value of Salicornia, this research was carried out on Salicornia bigelovii and four native ecotypes, including Bushehr ecotype (S. sinus persica Akhani), Central Plateau ecotype (S. persica Akhani subsp. Sersica), Urmiai, Gorgan and Markazi ecotypes at the Salinity Research Station of Bushehr Province. The area is characterized by a warm and wet climate with low annual precipitation (217 mm) and high annual average temperature (24.0 °C).A three-replicate randomized complete block design was used. The field was planted by seed sowing and irrigated with Persian Gulf water (60 dS m-1).Aerial plant samples were prepared at vegetative growth to determine the fodder nutritional value of different plant species and ecotypes. Values of aerial ash, crude protein, non-protein nitrogen content (NPN), acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), and metabolizable energy were measured. At the end of the growing season, an area of one square meter was taken from each experimental unit to determine biomass dry weight. Data were analyzed using SAS software, and mean comparisons were performed using Duncan's test at the 5% level. ResultsResults showed a significant difference in dry biomass between different Salicornia species and ecotypes. Bushehr, Central Plateau, Urmia, Gorgan ecotypes, and S. bigelovii dry biomass amounts were 18.29, 14.64, 4.22, 4.60, and 6.71 tons ha-1, respectively.The highest and lowest values of shoot ash were 54% and 46% of dry matter for Busher and S. bigelovii, respectively. There was no significant difference between species and ecotypes in crude aerial protein. The crude protein content of aerial varied between 6.9 in the Central Plateau and 8.6 in Bushehr ecotypes.The metabolizable energy of fodder was estimated between 5.17 and 5.74 MJ kg-1 of dry matter; the lowest and highest were attributed to the S. bigelovii and Urmia ecotypes, respectively. The highest and lowest cell wall indicators of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and acid detergent lignin (ADL) were related to the Gorgan and Bushehr ecotypes, respectively. Fodder gas production for different Salicornia species and ecotypes was significantly lower than for alfalfa during incubation. Among different species and ecotypes of Salicornia, the highest and lowest gas production rates were related to S. bigelovii and Urmia ecotypes. ConclusionTo provide livestock fodder on the province's coasts, the Bushehr ecotype (Salicornia sinus persica Akhani) is generally recommended for planting due to its high yield and adaptability to the region. However, due to the relatively high ash content of the plant, only a part of the livestock feed could be provided by the plant fodder. Therefore, to properly use the plant fodder in livestock feed, it is necessary to determine the daily consumption of fodder in the ration.
alireza Jamshidi; Navazollah Moradi; Marzieh Rezai
Volume 29, Issue 1 , February 2022, , Pages 112-132
Abstract
Changes in different solute compounds in edaphic factors affect the spatial distribution of plant species, especially hemicryptophytes.Soil salinity is one of the most common desertification factors in arid and semi-arid regions that contributes to the degradation of the soils of regions susceptible ...
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Changes in different solute compounds in edaphic factors affect the spatial distribution of plant species, especially hemicryptophytes.Soil salinity is one of the most common desertification factors in arid and semi-arid regions that contributes to the degradation of the soils of regions susceptible to desertification and eventually leads to a decreased soil ecological potential which is considered as one of the most significant factors that intensifies desertification. In order to explore the impact of principal components of soil on the diversity of plant types in the forest regions scattered along the coastal belt of the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea, current research was conducted on saline soils in Hasan Langi Village. Analysis of correlation coefficient between different traits of the plants in the respective vegetation (percentage of coverage, height and density and diversity) and the soil parameters of the habitats indicated that these vegetative parameters were mostly correlated with acidity, texture, and total calcium and magnesium. Principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated that components 1 and 2 explained a total of 85% variance suggesting the largest impact of soil factors on differentiation of vegetation. In total, the factor of diversity was most correlated with calcium and magnesium in the second depth while other vegetative characteristics were directly correlated with the amount of sodium and potassium as well as electrical conduction in the first depth and the amount of calcium in the second depth.
Mohammadamin Soltanipour; Ehsan Zandi Esfahan
Volume 28, Issue 1 , April 2021, , Pages 55-68
Abstract
To determine the nutritional value of five halophytes, Aeluropus lagopoides, Atriplex leucoclada, Desmostachya bipinnata, Halopyrum mucronatum, and Halocnemum strobilaceum, this study was conducted in 2016 in Hormozgan province. Plant samples were collected in three phenological stages ...
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To determine the nutritional value of five halophytes, Aeluropus lagopoides, Atriplex leucoclada, Desmostachya bipinnata, Halopyrum mucronatum, and Halocnemum strobilaceum, this study was conducted in 2016 in Hormozgan province. Plant samples were collected in three phenological stages including vegetative growth, flowering and seeding, and eight forage quality traits (CP, DMD, WSC, ADF, CF, NDF, ME and ash percentage were measured. Data analysis of variance was performed as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design and the means were compared with Duncan's multiple rsnge test in SPSS software. The results showed that the effect of species for all traits, the effect of phenological growth stages for four traits: (CP), (DMD), (ash), and (ME), and the interaction effect of species and phenological growth stage were significant for all quality indicators except (WSC). The highest forage quality was obtained at vegetative growth stage and Atriplex leucoclada was superior to other halophytes in terms of nutritional value. Therefore, the use of this native species instead of non-native ones of this genus is recommended in rangeland improvement of areas with similar rainfall.
Mohammad Kafi; Gholamreza Zamani; Mohsen Poyan
Volume 17, Issue 2 , September 2010, , Pages 276-291
Abstract
In order to study the possibility of growing four annual desert halophyte species including Kochia scoparia, Suaeda dimorphestegia, Salsola crassa and Atriplex arcuata in desert environments, irrigating with saline ground water, a research project comprising of three separate experiments was performed ...
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In order to study the possibility of growing four annual desert halophyte species including Kochia scoparia, Suaeda dimorphestegia, Salsola crassa and Atriplex arcuata in desert environments, irrigating with saline ground water, a research project comprising of three separate experiments was performed during three successive years, 2002-2003, 2003-2004 and 2004-2005. Field experiment carried out in a split plot design in which three levels of saline irrigation water (1.5, 9.5 and 26.0 dS/m) were arranged as main and four halophyte species as sub plots with three replications. There were high significant differences in ground covering, electrolyte leakage, dry matter accumulation and plant hight among halophyte species. Suaeda produced at least twice of dry matter as any other species at any level of salinity. The average dry matter production of this species in three years and at three levels of salinity was 11850 kg/ha, while this amount was 4725, 5136 and 3616 kg/ha for Kochia, Salsola and Atriplex, respectively. Ratio of leaf to shoot weight was varying from 39% in Atriplex to 56% in at full flowering stage. In conclusion, germination and plant stablishment of these four annual halophytes should be explored for domestication. High dry matter production of these species in watering with saline waters of more than 70% of seawater, make them capable for production in very high saline lands, as well as irrigation with high saline waters.