Maryam Kavianpour; Seyedeh Khadije Mahdavi; Mohammadreza Shahraki; Yaser GHasemi Arian
Volume 31, Issue 2 , August 2024, , Pages 149-168
Abstract
Background and purpose:Due to the occurrence of climate changes in recent decades, traditional animal husbandry systems based on rangelands have faced serious challenges. In this regard, the use of adaptation strategies is necessary as a solution to reduce the vulnerability of rangeland users. The present ...
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Background and purpose:Due to the occurrence of climate changes in recent decades, traditional animal husbandry systems based on rangelands have faced serious challenges. In this regard, the use of adaptation strategies is necessary as a solution to reduce the vulnerability of rangeland users. The present research has investigated the adaptation strategies of Turkmen pastoralists in the face of climate change in the Qaradong region of Golestan province. Materials and methods:This research is descriptive and has been carried out using a survey method. The research statistical population consists of 249 beneficiaries from 7 local communities in the Qaradong region of Golestan province, of which 148 people were selected as the sample size based on the Krejcie and Morgan table using a stratified random sampling method. The measuring tool of the research was a researcher-made questionnaire. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by using the opinions of rangeland experts, and its reliability was confirmed by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Results:The results showed that the degree of pastoralists' adaptation in the face of climate change is moderate to high. The findings indicate that there are significant differences in the use of climate change adaptation strategies among the pastoralists. Thus, combined-developmental, saving, correct consumption, and emergency strategies were identified as the most used strategies. Also, the results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between adaptation of pastoralists in dealing with climate change with the history of livestock pastoralism and the amount of income derived from it at the 99% confidence level and also with the variables of age, the number of household members, and the amount of income from non-livestock occupations at the 95% confidence level. Conclusion: The livelihoods of the pastoralists are heavily dependent on the rangelands, and many of them have only one economic source. This causes the continuation of the climate change process to increase their vulnerability. Therefore, adopting new activities in the form of diversifying income sources and creating alternative livelihood opportunities, as well as multi-purpose use of rangelands, will bring more adaptability of pastoralists to climate changes.
Mohammadreza Shahraki; Ahmad Abedi Sarvestani; Abdolrahim Lotfi
Volume 28, Issue 1 , April 2021, , Pages 138-150
Abstract
Adverse climate change, drought, and floods have a negative impact on natural resources, crops, and livestock production as the main sources of livelihood for the villagers. Therefore, it is important to study the perception of rural communities about the occurrence of climate change and its relationship ...
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Adverse climate change, drought, and floods have a negative impact on natural resources, crops, and livestock production as the main sources of livelihood for the villagers. Therefore, it is important to study the perception of rural communities about the occurrence of climate change and its relationship with a sustainable livelihood. The present study was conducted for this purpose by descriptive-survey research method. In this study, 297 residents Age 35 years and older in 10 villages of the Oghan watershed in Golestan province were surveyed. The data collection tool of the questionnaire was developed by the researcher; its content validity was confirmed using the opinions of university academics and natural resources experts. The results showed that age, number of livestock, history of animal husbandry, length of stay in the village, and income of individuals with their perception of the symptoms of climate change have a positive and significant relationship. Findings of structural equation model evaluation showed a causal relationship between the perception of the occurrence of climate change symptoms and individuals' livelihood changes so that with increasing awareness of villagers about the occurrence of climate change symptoms, their livelihood is facing more changes.
Parvin Mohammadi; Mahdi Ghorbani; Arash Malekian; Ali Akbar Nazari Semani
Volume 27, Issue 2 , June 2020, , Pages 287-299
Abstract
Nowadays, the adverse effects of climate change and its damaging effects have become an environmental, social and economic problem. Assessing the vulnerability of local communities to climate change as an important step in identifying effective mechanisms and prioritizing management will be enhancing ...
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Nowadays, the adverse effects of climate change and its damaging effects have become an environmental, social and economic problem. Assessing the vulnerability of local communities to climate change as an important step in identifying effective mechanisms and prioritizing management will be enhancing flexibility and increasing adaptability. This research is field-survey research, performed by using field observation and completing a vulnerability questionnaire to climate change in three villages of Aghabarar, Seyyed Ayaz, and Seyyed Ahmad in Qasrshirin city. The study was based on the vulnerability indexes such as exposure, sensitivity, and adaptation capacity. Questionnaires were completed among the target groups, which were finally analyzed using statistical tests such as the analysis of variance, Fisher, and Levin. The results showed that the components of exposure, sensitivity, and economy in Qasr Shirin city were vulnerable. Also, there was no significant difference between the three villages in a dry climate, and the vulnerability of Aghabarar village was 3.43, Seyyed Ahmad village was 3.30, and Seyyed Ayaz village with a value of 3.13 was higher than the average value of vulnerability. Also, Seyyed Ahmad village had the highest level of environmental vulnerability in the face of climate change with a value of 4.1. The vulnerability of exposure components and sensitivity is due to climatic events, geographical location, and dependence of local communities on natural resources and climate. Also, the high vulnerability of the economic component is due to the poverty and lack of physical capital of the communities. The vulnerability of the three components of exposure, susceptibility, and economics has caused the vulnerability of the communities studied. These factors affect the compatibility of local communities and countries, their willingness, or ability to adapt. The government with local involvement can effectively respond to the negative effects of climate change as well.
Mostafa Jafari
Volume 21, Issue 1 , June 2014, , Pages 139-153
Abstract
Iran faced with climate and environmental changes in past years and it is projected that some climatic changes will occur in the future. Net Primary Production (NPP) is an important index to evaluate production in natural ecosystems including forest, rangeland and desert. Climate change impact will cause ...
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Iran faced with climate and environmental changes in past years and it is projected that some climatic changes will occur in the future. Net Primary Production (NPP) is an important index to evaluate production in natural ecosystems including forest, rangeland and desert. Climate change impact will cause changes in biomass production in natural ecosystems. In this research, the vulnerability of NPP in Iranian forest, rangeland and desert ecosystem has been considered. Results of this consideration presented here in six selected climatic zones in Gilan, Mazandaran, East Azerbyjan, Kermanshah, Khorasan and Systan and Baluchestan provinces. According to the result outcomes, total NPP of forest, rangeland and desert ecosystem in Gilan, East Azerbyjan, and Khorasan provinces, under temperature and precipitation changes, has been increased in the year ended 2039. While, the amount of NPP in Mazandaran, Kermanshah, and Systan and Baluchestan provinces would have been decreased. These changes in Khorasan provinces (including North, South and Razavi) will show highest increase, indicating suitable increase of precipitation and temperature in the region. Quantitative changes in NPP depend on total biomass and changes of precipitation and temperature. As an example, these changes in forest ecosystems of Gilan, and Khorasan provinces, will increase and in Mazandaran, and Kermanshah provinces, will decrease. Also, these changes in range ecosystems of East Azerbyjan, and Khorasan provinces, will increase and in Kermanshah, and Systan and Baluchestan provinces, will decrease. While, changes in desert ecosystems of Khorasan provinces mainly will increase and in Systan and Baluchestan provinces, will decrease.