Kobra Khadem; Mohammad Jankju; Mansour Mesdaghi
Volume 22, Issue 2 , August 2015, , Pages 231-239
Abstract
Curved pits have been constructed in the upper slopes of Mohammadabad-e-Chahak playa, in order to reduce runoff entrance and thereby control the playa extension. Seeds of Haloxylon persicum and Atriplex canescence have also been sown inside the pits. This research was aimed to investigate effects of ...
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Curved pits have been constructed in the upper slopes of Mohammadabad-e-Chahak playa, in order to reduce runoff entrance and thereby control the playa extension. Seeds of Haloxylon persicum and Atriplex canescence have also been sown inside the pits. This research was aimed to investigate effects of pit size and pit zones on establishment rates of the cultivated or naturally growing plants. Along the line transects, 30 pits were created within the streams and 30 in flat areas. A hypothetical pit was also considered close to each pit, with the same dimensions. The number of cultivated and naturally growing plants was counted in five different zones within each pit. Plant establishment was higher for the pits created inside the streams as compared to the flat areas. The number of established A. canescence and naturally growing plants was increased by increasing the size of curved pits, however it did not affect the establishment of H. persicum seedlings. The cultivated plants showed the highest establishment in the middle of the ridge; but the highest number of naturally growing plant was found in the center of pits. The percentage of pit destruction was increased by increasing their size, nevertheless the number of broken pits was low (15%). Accordingly, we suggest, creating pits inside the streams, rather than flat areas, small pits (6-8 m2) for H. persicum but large pits (10-12 m2) for A. canescence.
Seyed Ali Hoseini; Mansour Mesdaghi; Serkis Pambukhchyan
Volume 21, Issue 2 , August 2014, , Pages 189-197
Abstract
Determination of forage quality is one of the fundamental factors for suitable management. There are spatial and temporal variations in quality of rangeland species. In this study, forage quality of five important grasses of Bromus tomentellus, Poa angustifolia, Festuca ovina, Agropyron ...
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Determination of forage quality is one of the fundamental factors for suitable management. There are spatial and temporal variations in quality of rangeland species. In this study, forage quality of five important grasses of Bromus tomentellus, Poa angustifolia, Festuca ovina, Agropyron intermedium and Agropyron trichophorum were measured at three phenological stages (vegetative growth, full flowering and seed ripening) in summer rangelands of Golestan province. For this purpose, five replications were randomly selected from each phenological stage. Quality factors of crude protein, ADF, crude fiber, dry matter digestibility and metabolizable energy were measured using in vitro procedures. The results obtained from chemical analysis were analyzed in a factorial experiment at randomized complete block design with SAS software. Results showed that forage quality differed significantly for different species as well as at different phenological stages (p<0.05). Among studied species, the highest forage quality was related to Bromus tomentellus while the lowest was related to Agropyron trichophorum. The highest and the lowest forage quality were recorded for vegetative growth and seed ripening stages, respectively.
Naghmeh Gholami; Mansur Mesdaghi
Volume 18, Issue 4 , September 2012, , Pages 515-525
Abstract
In this research, the spatial patterns of shrubs were determined by using T-square distance method in protected and unprotected areas of Golestan National Park. The results indicated that the patterns of shrubs were clumped – regular and clumped – random in woodlands. There were numerous ...
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In this research, the spatial patterns of shrubs were determined by using T-square distance method in protected and unprotected areas of Golestan National Park. The results indicated that the patterns of shrubs were clumped – regular and clumped – random in woodlands. There were numerous species of shrubs in protected area and the canopy cover of grasses and forbs were much higher under the shrubs than that of unprotected area. So the richness and diversity of the species were higher than the unprotected area. The dominant species of unprotected area was Ephedra distachya and the grasses and forbs had less contribution in vegetation of the area. Bare soil and rocks were appeared more frequently.
Seid ali Hoseini; Mansur Mesdaghi; Cerkis Pambokhchyan
Volume 18, Issue 4 , September 2012, , Pages 637-651
Abstract
To find an accurate and rapid method of estimating herbage standing crop, clipping and weighing, double sampling, and comparative yield methods were compared in two vegetation types of grasslands and one cushion shrubland in Sar-Aliabad summer rangelands of Golestan province. In representative stands ...
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To find an accurate and rapid method of estimating herbage standing crop, clipping and weighing, double sampling, and comparative yield methods were compared in two vegetation types of grasslands and one cushion shrubland in Sar-Aliabad summer rangelands of Golestan province. In representative stands of each vegetation type, eighty 1-m2 plots were clipped and weighed. In double sampling method, 16 plots were estimated and clipped. In comparative yield method, standard (reference) plots were used as the highest yield belonged to the reference plot 5 and the lowest yield belonged to the reference plot 1. A highcorrelation was found between estimated and clipped plot in double sampling method. There was also high correlation between reference plots and their weights, so estimation of double sampling and ranks of comparative yield method were corrected by using regression equations. There were no significant differences among 3 methods, but time consumption of double sampling was better than the other methods. So, because of extensive application of double sampling method in grasslands and shrublands and its high accuracy and precision this method of yield estimation is recommended for the study area.
Hojat... Khedri Gharibvand; Ghasemali Dianati Tilaki; Mansur Mesdaghi; Manuchehr Sardari
Volume 17, Issue 4 , November 2011, , Pages 532-545
Abstract
Camphorosma monspeliaca is one of the rare species in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari Province with a distribution of 3500 ha in Doto-Tangsayad. In the current study, distribution of Camphorosma monspeliaca in the province, vegetation and companion species, phenology and relationship ...
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Camphorosma monspeliaca is one of the rare species in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari Province with a distribution of 3500 ha in Doto-Tangsayad. In the current study, distribution of Camphorosma monspeliaca in the province, vegetation and companion species, phenology and relationship between plant and environmental factors were studied to investigate some ecological characteristics. Although Camphorosma monspeliaca has a large distribution in the studied area, the best distribution pattern was seen in southern and northern aspects as dominant or companion species. Camphorosma monspeliaca is companion with other species in different aspects. According to the results, average of plant parameters differed in different aspects as the most canopy cover and density of Camphorosma monspeliaca were recorded in southern aspect.In view of forage quality, protein content and digestibility of the mentioned species are high. Camphorosma monspeliaca can be established in none saline soils (Ec < 2dsm-1) and alkali soils (7.5<pH<8.5) with a soil texture of clay, clay loam, loam and calcareous soils (20-30%) having a low content of organic matter and gypsum.Among studied elements C, N, Ca and Mg were much higher in the soil under Camphorosma monspeliaca vegetation due to the need of range species and easy access to these elements. In comparison to K and P, Na was higher in Camphorosma monspeliaca because of high sodium adsorption ability in plants of Chenopodiacea with a C4 photosynthetic pathway.In general, study of the mentioned species is essential to consider its multiple uses.
Elham Fakhimi abarghoie; Mansur Mesdaghi; ghasem ali Dianati tilaki
Volume 18, Issue 2 , September 2011, , Pages 219-230
Abstract
The large scale degradation of rangelands in Iran can be largely attributed to overgrazing. So investigation on the effects of grazing on vegetation parameters is vital to control the rangeland ecosystems degradation. The object of this study is to investigate the effect of heavy, moderate, and ...
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The large scale degradation of rangelands in Iran can be largely attributed to overgrazing. So investigation on the effects of grazing on vegetation parameters is vital to control the rangeland ecosystems degradation. The object of this study is to investigate the effect of heavy, moderate, and light grazing intensity on production, canopy cover, litter, stone, grovel and bare soil in steppe zone of central Iran (Nodushan summer rangelands). For this research, stratified systematic-random sampling was use in a completely randomized block design. On each plot of 2m2, canopy cover percentages and density of plant species, dry matter of palatable species, litter, stone, grovel, and bare soils were estimated. Classification of the sampling site was based on TWINSPAN (Two Ways Indicator Species Analysis). In order to study the effects of grazing intensities on vegetation parameters and their relationships with the distance of watering points, ANOVA and Pearson’s correlation were employed. By using of TWINSPAN, the samples were classified in to, 3 groups. Results were shown that canopy cover percentage of palatable plants and production at different grazing pressure were significant (P<0.05). Litter percentage, stone, grovel, and bare soil percentages of heavy grazing was significantly different with moderate and light intensities of grazing (P<0.05). Canopy cover percentage of unpalatable plants and density of plants were not significant at three different grazing pressure (P>0.05).
Elham Fakhimi Abarghoie; Mansoor Mesdaghi; Parviz Gholami; Hosein Naderi Nasrabad
Volume 18, Issue 3 , September 2011, , Pages 408-419
Abstract
One of the main objectives of ecosystem managements is preservation of diversity. By measuring the diversity and evenness of the species, the necessary management recommendations will be presented. In this research, the effect of slope, aspect and elevation on richness and evenness of plant species were ...
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One of the main objectives of ecosystem managements is preservation of diversity. By measuring the diversity and evenness of the species, the necessary management recommendations will be presented. In this research, the effect of slope, aspect and elevation on richness and evenness of plant species were evaluated at steppe rangelands of Nodushan, in Yazd province. Systematic random sampling method was applied and the size of plot was determined by minimal area. The results showed that elevation had significant effects on diversity and frequency of species and moderate elevation ranges of 2400- 2600 had higher richness and evenness. Slope range had also significant effects on diversity and frequency and high slopes (30- 50%), had the highest diversity. Aspects had no significant effects on indices of diversity.
Ghasemali Dianatitilaki; Manijeh Tavan; Ali Hosseini; Mansur Mesdaghi
Volume 17, Issue 2 , September 2010, , Pages 180-190
Abstract
Determination of forage quality is one of the fundamental factors for sound management of rangelands. Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization of rangelands causes increasing forage quality. In this study, forage quality of Eruca sativa in three years (2004, 2005 and 2006) were measured in flat and northern ...
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Determination of forage quality is one of the fundamental factors for sound management of rangelands. Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization of rangelands causes increasing forage quality. In this study, forage quality of Eruca sativa in three years (2004, 2005 and 2006) were measured in flat and northern sloppy rangelands in Maravehtapeh.In this study, 0, 50 and 100 kg N/ha and 0 and 25 kg P/ha fertilizer rates were applied. Forage quality index such as crude energy, crude protein, crude fiber, crude nitrogen and ADF (Acid Detergent Fiber) were measured in this study. Results showed that, nitrogen fertilizer increased the crude nitrogen, crude protein and crude energy and decreased the crude fiber and ADF. Phosphorus fertilization had few effects on forage quality. Nitrogen fertilization with 100 kg/ha increased forage quality. Forage quality rates increased in 2006 owing to optimum weather condition in this year. Forage quality rate is same in each flat and northern sloppy rangeland was the same. Interaction effects between two fertilizers in northern sloppy rangeland was significant.
Bahram Mohamadi Golrang; Mohsen Mohseni Saravi; Behrooz Malekpoor; Mansoor Mesdaghi; Jan Skoarz; Hosein Tavakoli; Mohammad reza Afhkamolshoara
Volume 14, Issue 2 , January 2007, , Pages 185-203
Abstract
Understanding the relation between the plants,The environmental factors and the other living creatures is a necessary problem in preserving the constancy in all eco-systems.Man in order to cope his needs ,has used the natural resources and during thousands of years using the eco-system had been effective ...
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Understanding the relation between the plants,The environmental factors and the other living creatures is a necessary problem in preserving the constancy in all eco-systems.Man in order to cope his needs ,has used the natural resources and during thousands of years using the eco-system had been effective in changing them. In this research having the vegetation map of this area which had been provided by Macgoven Australian co,The map of plant type in 1372 using G.I.S has been provided and the changes in plant cover during this period were evaluated. Comparing the two maps,The result was that among the 20 recognized types in 1352, 3 types because of grazing and other factors have been completely wiped out ,and the other types have been changed into newer types or there are some changes in the variance of some other types. In plant coverage studying ,in order to specify the range condition trend,the methods of :1) Four factorial metuod. 2) clipping and weighing method. 3)trend method were used. Using Trend method and comparing the plant cover condition in 1352 and 1372 ,we came to the result that there is no positive trend in any types .In 8 types ,the trends are constant and in 9 ,the negative trends have been reported. In order to explain the 17 trends in 1372,the map of range condition trend in G.I.S system has been drawn.