samane mohamadi; Adel Sepehry; Mohammad Farzam; Hosein Barani
Volume 30, Issue 3 , January 2024, , Pages 457-473
Abstract
IntroductionThe present research on Lycium depressum stocks aims to study the vegetative responses (leaf area, leaf specific weight, leaf specific area, dry weight ratio of root to shoot, dry weight of leaf, stem, and root) of the pasture shrub of Kam Tigh against drought stress and the effect of soil ...
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IntroductionThe present research on Lycium depressum stocks aims to study the vegetative responses (leaf area, leaf specific weight, leaf specific area, dry weight ratio of root to shoot, dry weight of leaf, stem, and root) of the pasture shrub of Kam Tigh against drought stress and the effect of soil amendment on these responses. Materials and methods The experiment was conducted in a factorial design based on a completely randomized design, including the main irrigation treatment at four levels (100, 75, 50, and 25% of crop capacity) and sub-treatment of soil conditioners under semi-controlled greenhouse conditions. The experiment involved five repetitions and 160 pots for each combined irrigation and soil amendment treatment. Sub-treatments of soil conditioners, including Stacosorb hydrogel, were added at 3 grams per kilogram of soil in each pot in the lower part of the plant roots. Mineral Zeolite in 8 grams per pot was placed in the lower part of the plant roots. Nitrobacter was added in the amount of 3 cc in each pot in the upper root area of the plant. Mycorrhiza at 10 grams per pot was added to the lower plant roots. Results and discussionGenerally, a significant difference (p<0.05) was observed in all irrigation levels between the treatments in each soil amendment material. In zeolite with mycorrhiza, the highest stem dry weight and leaf-specific weight were obtained at a 50% irrigation level. With the increase in leaf-specific gravity and drought stress, plant dry weight increased, and proline content decreased in Nitrobacter and mycorrhizal treatment, which differed from the treatment. Measurements of leaf area revealed that leaf area decreased from 1450 mm2 in 100% and 75% irrigation to 900 mm2 in 25% irrigation. This indicated the impact of drought stress on the leaf area. The highest specific weight of leaves at 25% irrigation was related to Nitrobacter with mycorrhiza. This modifier increased the specific weight of leaves from 0.0025 g/m2 at 100% irrigation level to 0.0028 g/m2 at 25% irrigation level. Leaf surface area in Nitrobacter treatment with mycorrhiza during 100% irrigation decreased from 400 mm2/g to 350 mm2/g during 25% irrigation. In hydrogel treatment without mycorrhiza, the dry weight ratio of root to shoot at 100% irrigation level declined from 2 grams to 1.4 grams in 25% irrigation. The dry weight of the leaf decreased from 1.4 g in 100% irrigation to 1.3 g in 25% irrigation. ConclusionsBiofertilizers enhance plant resistance to drought stress by improving vegetative characteristics. Nitrobacter treatments without mycorrhiza, hydrogel, and zeolite with mycorrhiza are recommended for planting this plant due to improved growing conditions. Since the Kam Tig plant is considered a medicinal plant, it can be used as a soil conditioner in the pharmaceutical and medical industries. This will enable better cultivation of the species. All organizations related to the cultivation of Kam Tig species can use the results of this research to enhance cultivation projects.
Ali Vosough; Ali Ashraf Jafari; Ezat Karami; Reza Talebi; Houshmand Safari
Volume 29, Issue 3 , October 2022, , Pages 231-240
Ali Khanamani; Asghar Mosleh Arani; Hamid Reza Azimzadeh; Mohammad Hadi Rad
Volume 27, Issue 2 , June 2020, , Pages 334-346
Abstract
Diversification of used species in sand stabilization and desertification can help sustain these ecosystems. Most species used in sand stabilization require initial support to adapt to new conditions over time. One of the most important of these supports is irrigation in the early years of planting. ...
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Diversification of used species in sand stabilization and desertification can help sustain these ecosystems. Most species used in sand stabilization require initial support to adapt to new conditions over time. One of the most important of these supports is irrigation in the early years of planting. In this study, the yield and water use efficiency of (Ammodendron persicum) in lysimetric conditions under the influence of different levels of irrigation were considered. Different irrigation levels consisted of 75, 50, and 25 percent irrigation and field capacity (control), applied in a completely randomized design with four replications. Evapotranspiration rates in control, 75, 50, and 25% under-irrigation treatments were 60, 47, 37, and 26 liters, respectively. By calculating water use efficiency based on the amount of dry matter produced per liter of transpiration water, it was found that there was a significant difference between different treatments. The highest water use efficiency with 2.07 g of dry matter for per liter of transpiration was related to 50% irrigation treatment. As the water consumption decreased, the root to aerial part ratio increased, so that it showed a significant difference in different treatments. The root to aerial part ratio in the control was 0.84 and in the 75% under-irrigation treatment was 1.51. The results of this study showed that Ammodendron persicum in the early stages of establishment due to low growth rate had low water requirements and improved its water use efficiency through various mechanisms such as root development. Due to the low growth, water loss through evaporation in early stages of establishment was high, and to improve irrigation efficiency, appropriate methods to reduce evaporation and maintain soil moisture are recommended.
Robabae Farahdoust; Ali Ashraf Jafary; Siroos Mansourfar; Mina Rabiee
Volume 24, Issue 4 , January 2018, , Pages 853-869
Abstract
In order to study of drought stress in four sainfoin species (Onobychis Spp.), a factorial experiments was conducted based on completely randomized design with four replications in glasshouse condition in research institute of forest and rangelands, Tehran, Iran in 2015. The factor A was four species ...
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In order to study of drought stress in four sainfoin species (Onobychis Spp.), a factorial experiments was conducted based on completely randomized design with four replications in glasshouse condition in research institute of forest and rangelands, Tehran, Iran in 2015. The factor A was four species as: O. michoxii O. cristagalli, O. sativa and O. sabnitens and factor B was four levels of drought stress: 100% field capacity (FC) as control, 75% FC, 50% FC and %25 FC. Seeds were sown in the pots and irriation was conducted based on drought stress levels. After 45 days from sowing date, data were collected for seedling fresh and dry weight, physiological traits as: chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, proline, water soluble carbohydrate, relative water content (RWC) and analyzed using SAS9 software. The results of analysis of variance showed significant effects of species, drought stress, and species by drought interaction (P<0.01) for all traits except chlorophyll a. According to the results, seedling fresh and dry weight decreased by increasing of drought stress, while chlorophyll a and RWC increased. Overall, O. michoxii with higher values of chlorophylls, carotenoids, water soluble carbohydrate and seedling weight was more tolerant to drought stress, followed by O. sativa. These two species were introduced as relatively drought tolerant species. In order to study of drought stress in four sainfoin species (Onobychis Spp.), a factorial experiments was conducted based on completely randomized design with four replications in glasshouse condition in research institute of forest and rangelands, Tehran, Iran in 2015. The factor A was four species as: O. michoxii O. cristagalli, O. sativa and O. sabnitens and factor B was four levels of drought stress: 100% field capacity (FC) as control, 75% FC, 50% FC and %25 FC. Seeds were sown in the pots and irriation was conducted based on drought stress levels. After 45 days from sowing date, data were collected for seedling fresh and dry weight, physiological traits as: chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, proline, water soluble carbohydrate, relative water content (RWC) and analyzed using SAS9 software. The results of analysis of variance showed significant effects of species, drought stress, and species by drought interaction (P<0.01) for all traits except chlorophyll a. According to the results, seedling fresh and dry weight decreased by increasing of drought stress, while chlorophyll a and RWC increased. Overall, O. michoxii with higher values of chlorophylls, carotenoids, water soluble carbohydrate and seedling weight was more tolerant to drought stress, followed by O. sativa. These two species were introduced as relatively drought tolerant species.
Mommad Hadi Rad; Mehdi Soltani; Mostafa Zare Mehrjerdi; Mahdieh Tajamolian
Volume 21, Issue 4 , March 2015, , Pages 620-630
Abstract
Despite the high resistance of black saxual (Haloxylon aphyllum) to environmental stress such as drought, there is the possibility of further resistance in different populations. This experiment was carried out to determine the drought tolerance in seven populations of black saxual(Yazd, Esfahan, Semnan, ...
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Despite the high resistance of black saxual (Haloxylon aphyllum) to environmental stress such as drought, there is the possibility of further resistance in different populations. This experiment was carried out to determine the drought tolerance in seven populations of black saxual(Yazd, Esfahan, Semnan, South Khorasan, Sistan va Blochestan, Kerman) under three moisture treatments (100%, 50% and 25% of field capacity) using small weighing lysimeters. The study was conducted in Yazd Shahid Sadoqi Research Station during 2010-2012 using a randomized complete block design with three replications. The effects of soil moisture treatments were studied on morphological traits such as shoot dry weight, root dry weight, root to shoot ratio and physiological traits such as leaf and root osmotic potential, relative water content, water use efficiency, total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, Na+ and K+ accumulation in roots and shoots. According to the results, no significant differences were recorded among the populations in response to the moisture treatments except chlorophyll content (P<0.05). The effect of moisture treatments on water use efficiency and physiological traits such as leaf osmotic potential, relative water content of leaves, total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and Na+ in the root were significant (P<0.01). In addition, the effect of moisture treatments on leaf potassium was significant (P<0.05). Drought stress had no significant effect on other traits, including root osmotic potential, leaf Na+ and root K+. Effects of drought stress on morphological traits including shoot dry weight, root dry weight, total dry weight, and root to shoot ratio were significant (P<0.001). The interaction effects of population and moisture treatments on morphological characteristics were not significant.
Mohammad Hasan vand; Ali ashraf Jafari; Ali Sepahvand; Shahram Nakhjavan
Volume 16, Issue 4 , January 2010, , Pages 517-535
Abstract
In order to compare yield and forage quality, six local genotypes of common vetch (Vicia sativa) were sown in two separate experiments under irrigated and dry land farming system using randomize complete block design with three replications in khorramabad agricultural research station during 2005 and ...
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In order to compare yield and forage quality, six local genotypes of common vetch (Vicia sativa) were sown in two separate experiments under irrigated and dry land farming system using randomize complete block design with three replications in khorramabad agricultural research station during 2005 and 2006. Data were collected for Forage fresh and dry matter (DM) yield, plant height and quality traits as: dry matter digestibility, (DMD), crude protein (CP), water soluble carbohydrates (WSC), crude fiber (CF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and total ash. Results of combined analysis showed significant differences between two conditions for all of traits except DMD. The average values of DM (2.76 and 2.35 ton/ha), CP (24.8 and 21.6%), and WSC (10.9 and 12.9%) were obtained for Irrigated and drought condition respectively, indicated higher values of both DM yield and CP and lower values of WSC in Irrigated conditions. Genotype effect was significant for forage yield, plant height, WSC and NDF. Results of correlation coefficients showed that forage yield had positively correlated with plant height, WSC and CF and negatively correlated with CP. Whereas, WSC had positively correlated with DM yield, plant height and DMD and negatively correlated with CP, ADF, NDF and total ash. Using cluster analysis, 6 genotypes were classified into two groups. Using biplot diagram based on 5 droughtresistance indices, six genotypes were scattered. Talarizan (Azna) with average values of 3.1 and 2.7 ton/ha DM yield for optimum and dry condition, respectively had higher values in both conditions and recommended for cultivation in more rainy regions of Lorestan province. Genotypes of Torshabad (Doruod) and Fahre (Aligudarz) with average values 2.55 and 2.72 ton/ha DM yield, respectively for drought condition, were identified as tolerant to dryness and identified for cultivation in dry land farming system. Genotypes of Doruod and Bawki (Azna) with average values of 2.39 and 3.01 ton/ha forage production in irrigated condition recognized as sensitive to dryness and recommended for cultivation in irrigated conditions. Among the productive genotypes, Fahre with average values of 12.74% WSC had good forage quality.
Mohammad hadi Rad; Mohammad ali Meshkat; Mahdi Soltani
Volume 16, Issue 1 , December 2009, , Pages 34-43
Abstract
The effects of drought stress on some saxual‘s (Haloxylon aphyllum) morphological characteristics was studied by weight and drainage lysimeters from 1380 to 1384 in yazd Shahid-Sadughy desertification research station. The moisture treatments included pot capacity (control), one-third pot capacity ...
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The effects of drought stress on some saxual‘s (Haloxylon aphyllum) morphological characteristics was studied by weight and drainage lysimeters from 1380 to 1384 in yazd Shahid-Sadughy desertification research station. The moisture treatments included pot capacity (control), one-third pot capacity and drought that carried out in randomize complete block design (RCBD) with three replicate. After the control of soil moisture, the moisture treatments were irrigated, on the other hand after seedling establishment in drought treatment irrigation was stopped. The moisture treatments were carried out in two growth season and its effects on morphological characteristic such as height, crown diameter, canopy cover volume, leaf length, number of ties in leaf length unit and canopy cover weight was studied. The results showed that the amount of soil moisture were not significant on height, canopy cover volume and number of ties in leaf length unit, but it had significant effects on crown diameter (p=0.030), leaf length (p=0.010) and canopy cover weight (p=0.004).
Majid Ghorbani javid; Gholamabbas Akbari; Foad Moradi; Eraj Allahdadi
Volume 14, Issue 3 , January 2007, , Pages 336-351
Abstract
In order to study the yield and water relations and osmotic adjustment in sensitive and tolerant genotypes of cutleaf medic (Medicago laciniata(L.) Mill) under drought stress, a greenhouse experiment was conducted in 2004, using a factorial arrangement in RCBD with three replications. Two genotypes of ...
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In order to study the yield and water relations and osmotic adjustment in sensitive and tolerant genotypes of cutleaf medic (Medicago laciniata(L.) Mill) under drought stress, a greenhouse experiment was conducted in 2004, using a factorial arrangement in RCBD with three replications. Two genotypes of cutleaf medic, were treated in four levels of water stress include -0.1, -0.2, -1 MPa as low, medium and high stress levels respectively and Field Capacity (FC = -0.03 MPa). Results indicated that tolerant genotype had a significant superiority to sensitive genotype in most studied characteristics such as yield, Shoot and Root dry matter, Relative Water Content (RWC), Water Potential (ψw), Osmotic Potential (ψs), Turgor Potential (ψt) and Osmotic Adjustment during medium and high water stress levels. This experiment showed that tolerant genotype had important traits; that might be possible to use these characteristics for selection of tolerant medics and recognition of mechanisms of drought resistance.
Mohammad Taghi Zare
Volume 9, Issue 2 , September 2001, , Pages 581-594