Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 Research Instructor, Desert Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran
2 PhD. Student of Remote Sensing, Faculty of Geography and Geoscience, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
Abstract
Desertification is a multifactorial phenomenon and relates to different aspects. Thus, this concept can be studied around multiple axes in natural resources and environment. Nowadays, the rapid growth and huge population in environments and ecological areas are of the most important concerns that have attracted the attention of experts and planners to the concept of desertification or combat desertification .On the one hand, astounding growth of metropolises and unbridled industrial development have led to adverse outcomes for the residents. Moreover, land is a limited resource and the situation will get worse over time in many countries due to the exponential growth of population and extensive use of land and with regard to the fact that only 5 million km2 of the earth has remained for sustainable utilization in future. There are many issues surrounding population supporting capacity based upon the quality of the land in order to maintain the sustainability of resources and environment. The purpose of this article was to estimate population supporting capacity of Tehran and Alborz on the basis of the potential of land units through the method introduced by Central Department of Agriculture of USA. This is the first step to determine the extent of land degradation and detection of man-made desertification. In the current situation, it is obvious that a demographic development of Alborz and Tehran provinces has led to instability in the environment and desertification. Based on the results, classes 1, 4 and 9 of the land quality covered 20.38, 14.93, and 37.44 percent of the surface area, respectively. These three classes could be accounted for 81.9% of population supporting capacity according to the potential of production. Our results showed that lands of the study area were exposed to desertification classified as very high risk (38.55 % of the total area), high risk (25.06 % of the total are), moderate risk (23 % of the total area), and low risk (13% of the total area). Accordingly, it was found that the current population of Tehran province was 5 times higher than the optimal population. This ratio also reaches 4.7 times in high-density areas such as Tehran, Karaj, Shahriar and Robat Karim.
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