Abarsaji, G., G. Shahi and Pasandi, M., 2007. Determination of forage quality of Hedysarum coronarium at phenological different stages. Journal of Pajouhesh & Sazandegi, 78: 51-55.
Amiri, Fazel., shariff, A. M., 2012. Comparison of nutritive values of grasses and legume species using forage quality index. Songklanakarin Journal of Science & Technology, 34(5):577-586.
AOAC, 1990. Official methods of analysis, Association of Official Analytical Chemsits.Washington, D.C Press. 1298P.
Arzani, H., Piri Sahragard, H., Torkan, J. and Saedi, K., 2010. Comparison of Phenological Stages on Forage Quality of Rangelands Species in Rangeland of Saral Kordestan, Rangeland, 4(2):160-167.
Arzani, H., Sadeghimanesh, M. R., Azarnivand, H., Asadian, G. H. and Shahriyari, E., 2008. Study of phenological stages effect values of twelve species in Hamadan rangelands.
Iranian Journal of range and desert research . 15(1):42-50.
Arzani, H., S. Kaboli, H., Nikkhah, A. and Jalili, A., 2005. An introduction of the most important factors in range species for the determination of nutrient values Iran. Journal of Natural Resources, 57(4): 777-790.
Arzani, H., Motamedi (Torkan), J., Jafari, M., Farahpoor, M. and Zare Chahoki, M. A., 2013. Classification of forage quality index in highland rangelands of Taleghan, Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Reseach, 20(2); 250-271.
Ball, D. M., Collins, M., Lacefield, G. D., Martin, N. P., Mertens, D. A., Olson, K. E., Putnam, D. H.,Undersander, D. J. and Wolf, M. W., 2001. Underestanding forage quality. American Farm Bureau Federation Publication 1-01, Park Ridge. IL, 18p.
Belyea, R. L., Steevens, B., Garner, G., Whittier, J. C. and H. Sewell, 1993. Using NDF and ADF to balance diets. agricultural publication, Columbia.
MO Byoung, T. H., 2002. Anatomy of nodal region and leaves in Hedysarum and related genera. Journal of Japanese Botany,74:236-250.
George, R. and Ogden, P. H., 1993. What is an A.U.M.? Rangeland Management Specialists, School of Renewable Natural Resources, College of Agriculture, University of Arizona, 33p.
Hesamzadeh hejazi, S. M. and Ziaei Nasab, M.,2007, Cytogenetic study on some Hedysarum species available in the Natural Resources Gene Bank of Iran. Iranian Journal of Rangelands and Forests PlantBreeding and Genetic Research, 2(15):85-94.
Jalili, A. and Jamzad, Z., 1999. Red Data Book of Iran: A preliminary survey of endemic, rare and endangered plant species in Iran.Tehran: Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands (RIFR),748p.
Karen, L., 2001. Anti-quality factors in rangeland and pastureland forages. Bulletion 73, Idaho forest, Wildlife and range experiment station, University of Idaho.
MAFF (Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheris and Food), 1987; Feed evaluation unit, Technical Bulletin.
Massoumii, A. K., 2004. Astragalus in Iran. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, 309p.
Manafain,N., 2010. Tolerate and regrowth of four forage species Hedysarum criniferum, Astragalus effusus, Astragalus cyclophyllon and bromus tomentellus in a simulated grazing. M.Sc. Thesis in Range. Shahrekord University,142p.
Mayland, H. F., and Hankins, J. L., 2001. Mineral imblances and animal heaith: A management puzzle. In: Anti- quality factors in rangeland and pastureland forages, Bulletion 73, Idaho forest, Wildlife and range experiment station, University of Idaho, 54 – 62.
Mc Donald, P., Edwards, R. A., D Green Half, J. F. and Morgan, C. A., 1996. Animal Nutrition. 5 thired Longman. London, 607p.
Moazam, F., Mirlohi, A. and Bassiri, M., 2011, Chromosome morphology and karyotyping in rangeland species of Astragalus cyclophyllus. Journal of Rangeland, 2(5):181-190.
Mofidian, S. A, A., Ghashahi, A. and Moghadam, A., 2013, Quantitative and qualitative farage yield of cold-region Alfalfa ecotypes of Iran. Seed and Plant Improvement Journal, 29(1):729-745.
Oddy, V. H., Robards, G. E. and Low, S. G.,1983. Prediction of In vivo dry matter digestibility from the fiber nitrogen content of a feed. 395-398. In: Robards, G.E. and Packham, R. G., (Eds,) Feed Information and Animal Production, Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Farnham Royal, UK:
Pinkerton, B., 2005. Forage quality. Clemson University Cooperative Extension Service. Forage fact sheet 2. Cooperative Extension Service, Clemson University. 998p.
Rashtian, A. and Mesdaghi, M., 2013. Determination of nutritive values of important range species in steppe region of central Iran (Case study: Nodoushan rangelands, Yazd province). Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Reseach, 20(2):272-284.
Rechinger, K. H., 1984. Flora Iranica. Akad. Druck- uVerlaags- Anst., Graz.157: 387- 464
Schut, A., Gherardi, S. and Wood, D., 2010. Empirical models to quantify the nutritive characteristics of annual pastures in south-west western Australia. Crop and Pasture Science. 61, 32-43.
Shadnoush, G. H., 2006. Mineral determination of some range plants for grazing sheep in semiarid areas of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province. Journal of Range and Desert Research, 13(4):285-295.
Tarnian, F., Arzani, H., Zare Chahouki, M. A. and Motamedi, J., 2011, Investigation on nutritive value of nine range species in different vegetative climate zones of Iran. Pajouhesh & Sazandegi, 101(1):2-13.
Van Soest, P. J, Robertson, J. B. and Lewis, B. A.,, 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal Dairy Science, 74: 3583–3597.
Weiss, W. P., Conrad, H. R. and Pierre, N. R. St.,1992. A theoretically-based model for predicting total digestible nutrient values of forages and concentrates. Animal Feed Science and Technology .39:95–110.
Ziehr, R. D., Rea, G. L., Douglas, J. L., Spaeth, K. E., Peacock, G. L. and Muir, J. P., 2014. Ontogenesis and nutritive value of warm-season perennial bunch grasses. Tropical Grasslands-Forrajes Tropicales, 2(2): 188-196.
)