همکاری با انجمن علمی مدیریت و کنترل مناطق بیابانی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مرتع‌داری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ارسنجان، فارس، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه منابع طبیعی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ارسنجان، فارس، ایران

چکیده

پارک ملی بمو در استان فارس شاهد بروز سالانه حریق و تکرار آن در سال‌های متمادی است. با توجه به اهمیت حفظ پارک و مجاورت آن با پالایشگاه شیراز، اقدام به پهنه‌بندی خطر حریق با استفاده از سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی و فرایند تحلیل سلسه مراتبی گردید. با در نظر گرفتن عوامل چهارگانه فیزیوگرافی (ارتفاع، شیب، جهت)، اقلیم (دما و باران)، عوامل انسانی (گردشگری، نواحی صنعتی، مناطق نظامی، مناطق مسکونی و جاده‌ها) و مواد سوختی (نوع تیپ و تراکم پوشش‌گیاهی) و وزن‌دهی بر اساس لایه‌های رقومی، نظرات کارشناسی و تکمیل پرسشنامه‌ها و تلفیق لایه‌های تولیدی، نقشه نهایی پهنه‌بندی حریق بر مبنای طبقه‌بندی از 0 تا 100 به صورت بدون خطر (20-0)، کم‌خطر (40-20)، خطر متوسط (60-40)، خطرناک (80-60) و بسیار خطرناک (100-80) تهیه گردید. نتایج نشان داد 3/23% (14263 هکتار) از محدوده در پهنه خطرناک و 25/20%  در بسیار خطرناک (84/2) قرار دارد. ارزیابی دقت و صحت مدل تهیه‌شده نشان می‌دهد که 60/76% از سطح محدوده‌ای که قبلاً دچار حریق شده در پهنه‌های خطرناک و بسیار خطرناک واقع شده و این موضوع بیانگر تطبیق واقعیت زمینی با نقشه‌های تهیه‌شده است. با توجه به ایجاد ارتباط منطقی بین نواحی خطر با مکان‌های واقعی می‌توان موفقیت این روش را اثبات کرد. ازاین‌رو پیشنهاد می‌گردد نسبت به تدوین برنامه مدیریت بحران به‌طور ویژه و افزایش تجهیزات و نیروی انسانی در جهت جلوگیری از بروز حریق و گسترش آن در پهنه‌های خطرناک و بسیار خطرناک منطقه اقدام نمود

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Rangelands and Forests Fire Risk Zoning Using GIS and AHP model (Case Study: Bamu National Park,Fars)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hosein Behzadi 1
  • Saeed Mohtashamnia 2
  • Hosein Gharedaghi 2

1 Former M.Sc. in Range Management,Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan Branch, Fars, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Natural Resources, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan Branch, Fars, Iran

چکیده [English]

Bamu National Park, has witnessed an annual fire and its repetition for many years. Considering the importance of preserving the park and its proximity to Shiraz refinery, fire hazard zoning was conducted using geographical information system (GIS) and Analytic hierarchy process (AHP). With regards to the four factors of physiography (elevation, slope, direction), climate (temperature and precipitation), human factors (tourism, industrial areas, military regions, residential areas and roads) and fuels (vegetation type and density) and weighting according to digital layers, expert opinions, questionnaire filling and integration of manufacturing layers, the final mapping of fire zoning classified into 0-20 (no risk), 20-40 (low risk), 40-60 (medium risk), 60-80 (risky) and 80-100 (high risk). The results showed that 23.3% (14263 hectares) and 20.25% (2.84) of the area were located in the dangerous and very dangerous zones, respectively. Evaluating the provided model accuracy showed that 76.60% of the previously fired areas located in dangerous and very dangerous zones, and this subject shows the adaptation of the reality with the prepared maps. With a logical connection between the risk areas and the real places, the success of this method can be proved. So, it is suggested to develop a particular crisis management plan and increase the equipments and human resources for preventing fire and its spread in dangerous and very dangerous zones.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • AHP
  • Bamu National Park
  • GIS
  • fire
  • rangelands and forests
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