همکاری با انجمن علمی مدیریت و کنترل مناطق بیابانی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پژوهشی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان لرستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، خرم‌آباد، ایران

2 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات مرتع،مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

متأسفانه به‌دلیل استفاده‌های غیر اصولی از منابع طبیعی تغییرات شگرفی در کره زمین بوجود آمده که همه به ضرر انسان است. ماهیت چند بعدی توسعه پایدار سبب توجه بیشتر به استفاده از گونه‌های سازگار، مقاوم، پرتولید، مرغوب و باخوشخوراکی مناسب شده است. یکی از این گونه‌ها، گونه دائمی Astragalus curvirostris است که یکی از رویشگاه‌های آن در مراتع بلومان با ارتفاع متوسط 1960 متر از سطح دریا و بارش متوسط سالانه 3/593 میلی‌متر می‌باشد. در 2 زمان و 2 روش کاشت بصورت کرت‌های خرد شده (اسپلیت پلات) در قالب بلوک کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار و طی چهار سال (از سال 1393 تا 1396) اجرا گردید. کرت اصلی دو تیمار فصل کاشت شامل پاییز و بهار و کرت فرعی شامل دو روش کشت بذرکاری و بذرپاشی بود. برای مقایسه اینکه بین تیمارهای مختلف اختلاف معنی‌داری وجود دارد از تجزیه واریانس و برای گروه‌بندی میانگین تیمارها از آزمون دانکن استفاد شد. نتایج نهایی نشان داد که بین میانگین تعداد پایه‌های موجود تیمارهای مختلف شامل بذرکاری‌ پاییزه، بذر‌پاشی پائیزه، بذر‌کاری بهاره و بذر‌پاشی بهاره در سطح 1% اختلاف معنی‌دار وجود دارد (P≤ 0.01). یعنی نوع کشت و فصل آن در ایجاد پوشش، کارایی متفاوت دارند. همچنین بین کرت‌ها نیز در سطح 1% اختلاف معنی‌دار مشاهده می‌شود که در واقع می‌تواند به اجرای تیمارها در هر کرت وابسته باشد. در نهایت مشخص گردید که گونه Astragalus Curvirostrisدر فصل پائیز و روش کشت بذرکاری بهترین سطح موفقیت را حاصل نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

An Investigation the methods include: Cultivation and Establishment of Perennial forb "Astragalus curvirostris" in Blooman rangelands, Lorestan – Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Reza Siahmansour 1
  • Mohammad fayaz 2

1 Research Instructor, Lorestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Khorramabad, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Rangeland Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Unfortunately, due to the improper use of natural resources, tremendous changes on the Earth happened which are harmful to human beings. The multidimensional nature of sustainable development has caused to pay more attention to the use of compatible, resistant, productive, high quality and palatable species. One of these species is Astragalus curvirostris as a permanent species, which one of its habitats is in Beluman rangelands with an average height of 1960 meters above sea level and an average annual rainfall of 593.3 mm. In two times and two methods of planting, split plots were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications during four years (from 2013 to 2016). The main plot included two treatments of planting season consisted of autumn and spring, and the subplots included two methods of seed cultivation and seeding. Analysis of variance was used to compare significant differences between treatments, and distribution of mean treatments was analyzed by Duncan test. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the average number of available plant stands in different treatments including autumn seed sowing, autumn seed spreading, spring seed sowing and spring seed spreading at 1% level (P≤0.01). It means that its cultivation type and season have different performance on plant coverage. In addition, there was a significant difference between the plots at 1% level, which in fact can depend on the implementation of the treatments in each plot. Finally, it was found that Astragalus curvirostris achieved the best level of success in autumn and the seed sowing method.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Astragalus curvirostris
  • seed sowing
  • seed spreading
  • rangeland
  • season of cultivation
  • Lorestan
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