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ارزیابی وضعیت بیابان‌زایی با استفاده از دو معیار آب و اقلیم (مطالعه موردی: بخشی از اراضی حوزه جازموریان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مربی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه جیرفت، کرمان، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه جیرفت، کرمان، ایران

چکیده

طی چند دهه گذشته کوشش‌های جهانی فراوانی برای مقابله و تعدیل این پدیده انجام شده است و یکی از مهمترین این اقدامات موضوع کنوانسیون مقابله با بیابان‌زایی و تعدیل اثرهای خشکسالی از سوی سازمان ملل متحده می‌باشد. در این تحقیق به ارزیابی شدت بیابان‌زایی و شناخت مهمترین عوامل مؤثر بر تخریب اراضی بخشی از حوزه جازموریان پرداخته شد. در این تحقیق برای ارزیابی شدت بیابان‌زایی از مدل IMDPA استفاده شد. با توجه به محدودیت زمانی و هزینه دو معیار آب و اقلیم انتخاب گردید. ابتدا با تعیین میانگین هندسی شاخص‌ها و بعد معیارها، بیابان‌زایی کل محاسبه گردید و ارزش کمی شاخص‌ها و معیارها و بیابان‌زایی نهایی در 4 کلاس کم، متوسط، شدید و بسیار شدید تقسیم‌بندی شد. سپس با استفاده از GIS نقشه شدت بیابان‌زایی منطقه در دوره‌های مطالعاتی رسم گردید. نتایج نشان داد که در منطقه مورد مطالعه، معیار آب غالب می‎باشد و با متوسط وزنی 2/3 در کلاس شدید طبقه‎بندی شد. پس از آن معیار اقلیم با متوسط وزنی 4/2 در رتبه بعدی قرار داشت. نتایج حاصل گویای آن است که مهمترین شاخص‌های بیابان‌زایی در منطقه مورد مطالعه به‌ترتیب افت آب زیرزمینی، هدایت الکتریکی آب، بارش، شاخص خشکی ترانسو، شاخص استمرار خشکسالی و شاخص SPI بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating the current desertification condition using water and climate criteria (Case study: Jazmurian basin)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farshad Soleimani Sardoo 1
  • Ali Azareh 2

1 Instructor, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Jiroft, Kerman, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, University of Jiroft, Kerman, Iran

چکیده [English]

Over the past few decades, there have been many global efforts to combating and mitigating desertification, and one of the most important actions is the United Nations Convention on the combating desertification. The present study aimed to assess the severity of desertification and identify the most important factors affecting land degradation in the Jazmurian basin. In this study, the IMDPA model was used to assess the desertification severity. Due to the time and cost limitations, two criteria for water and climate were selected. At first, by determining the geometric mean of the indices and then the criteria, the total desertification was calculated and the quantitative value of the indices and criteria and the final desertification were divided into four classes: low, moderate, severe and very severe. Then, using GIS, the desertification intensity map of the area was drawn up in the study periods. The results showed that in the study area, the water criterion was dominant and classified with a weighted mean of 3.2 in the sever class. Subsequently, the climate criterion with a weighted mean of 2.4 was in the next rank. The results indicated that the most important desertification indices in the study area were groundwater drop, electric conductivity of water, precipitation, TRANSO Drought Index, Drought Continuity Index and SPI index.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Land degradation
  • indices
  • drop of groundwater level
  • geometric mean
  • Jamzourian basin
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تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران
دوره 26، شماره 1
خرداد 1398
صفحه 131-142
فایل ها
هم رسانی
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