همکاری با انجمن علمی مدیریت و کنترل مناطق بیابانی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان قم، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، قم، ایران

2 مربی، بخش تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان قم، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، قم، ایران

3 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات جنگل، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

تاغ گیاهی مقاوم است که در بعضی از مناطق بیابانی ایران وجود دارد و در مواردی با خشکیدگی مواجه شده است. این پژوهش به منظور بررسی عوامل خشک شدن درختچه­های تاغ منطقه حسین آباد میش مست قم اجرا شد. صفات رشد و عملکردی شامل تراکم و فاصله درختان، تعداد شاخه، قطر تنه و ارتفاع، مساحت تاج پوشش، سن درخت؛ فرم تنه، وضعیت شادابی و سرسبزی، شاخص شادابی، میزان ابتلا به آفات و بیماری­ها و میزان زادآوری آماربرداری شد. با نمونه­گیری از برگ با درجات مختلف خشکیدگی، میزان عناصر سدیم، پتاسیم، فسفر و کلر اندازه­گیری شد. با حفر پروفیل خاک و تهیه نمونه از مناطق دارای خشکیدگی متفاوت از درختان، خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک در اعماق مختلف تعیین گردید. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که بین تراکم درختان تاغ و درصد پژمردگی و خشکیدگی آنها رابطه مستقیم وجود داشت. نتایج آزمایش خاک نشان داد که شوری خاک از عوامل مهم در استقرار تاغ بوده و با شور شدن خاک از تراکم درختان کاسته شده بود، همچنین پایین بودن غلظت عناصر غذایی نیز در رشد و عملکرد درختان مؤثر بوده است. نتایج تجزیه برگ نشان داد میزان سدیم و کلر در برگ بسیار بالا بود و در درختان مسن میزان این عناصر در برگ بالاتر بود. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که شوری تنها عامل پژمردگی و خشک شدن درختان نبوده و بلکه تراکم بالا در بروز این مشکل مهمتر بود. مشکلات اکولوژیک و نارسایی تغذیه­ای همراه با تراکم زیاد و عدم رعایت فاصله مناسب کاشت از دلایل عمده خشکیدگی تاغ­زارهای منطقه بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The causes of drying of Haloxylon in Hussein Abad Mish-Mast, Qom, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hosein Tavakoli Nekou 1
  • Abbas Pourmeydani 1
  • Seyed Mehdi Adnani 2
  • Hosin Bagheri 1
  • Mahmoud bayat 3

1 Assistant Professor,, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Qom, Iran

2 Instructor research, Forests and Rangelands Research Department, Qom Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Qom, Iran

3 Forest Research Department, Research institute of Forests and Rangelands, AREEO, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

    Haloxylon is a resistant tree naturally found in some desert areas of Iran, which sometimes faces dieback. This research was conducted to investigate the factors affecting the dieback of this species in Hossein Abad Mish-Mast Qom. Growth and yield traits including the density of trees, number of branches, trunk diameter and height, canopy area, tree age, trunk form, pests, and diseases were recorded in the field. Leaf samples were taken from the trees with varying drying and the amount of sodium, potassium, phosphorus, and chlorine was measured. Soil profiles were dug and soil samples were taken from areas with different drought stress of trees to measure physico-chemical characteristics of the soil at different depths. The results showed that there was a direct relationship between the density of trees and their drying. The results of soil analysis showed that soil salinity was an important factor in the establishment of trees since the density of trees decreased by increasing soil salinity.  Also, low concentrations of nutrients have been found to be effective in tree growth and yield. The results of leaf analysis showed that the amount of sodium and chlorine in the leaves was very high and in the older trees the amount of these elements was higher in the leaves. The results showed that salinity was not the only cause of drying of the trees but the higher density was more important in causing this problem. Ecological problems and nutritional deficiencies associated with high density and lack of proper planting intervals were the main causes of drying of trees.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ecophysiology
  • Drying
  • Holoxylon
  • Iran
  • Hossein-Abad Qom
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