همکاری با انجمن علمی مدیریت و کنترل مناطق بیابانی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته‌ی دکتری علوم مرتع، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان. ایران

2 استاد گروه مرتعداری دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان. ایران

3 دانشیار گروه مهندسی آب دانشکده مهندسی آب و خاک دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان. ایران

چکیده

پوسته­های بیولوژیک از جمله گلسنگ­ها امروزه به عنوان یکی از شاخص­های بیولوژیکی زنده استفاده می­شوند. هدف اصلی این مطالعه ارزیابی روند تغییرات تنوع گلسنگ­ها در فشارهای مختلف چرایی در طول سال در مراتع کوهسری شهرستان سمیرم استان اصفهان است. تنوع گلسنگ­ها متغیر وابسته و آشفتگی وارده شامل 5 میزان دامگذاری 1، 5/1،2،5/2 و3 واحد دامی در هکتار به عنوان متغیر مستقل است. میزان­های دامگذاری به مدت 4 سال با اجرای 5 سناریو مدیریتی (چرا و قرق به صورت متناوب و متوالی) اعمال و مطالعه شد. حضور و عدم حضور گلسنگ­ها به روش نمونه­برداری تصادفی با استفاده از ترانسکت و واحدهای نمونه­برداری تو در تو انجام شد. تنوع گلسنگ با استفاده از نرم­افزار PAST و رابطه­ی بین متغیرها با SPSS محاسبه شد. نتایج نشان داد تنوع گلسنگ­ها به خوبی نشانگر میزان فشار بر اکوسیستم مرتع است. در مدیریت اکوسیستم­های مرتعی می­توان از ویژگی تنوع گلسنگ به عنوان شاخص اکولوژیکی به منظور تحت فشار بودن یا نبودن اکوسیستم­های مرتعی اکوسیستم مرتع استفاده نمود. همچنین بهترین سناریوی مدیریت چرایی برای این منطقه مبتنی بر تغییرات تنوع گلسنگ، سناریوی چرای متناوب (یک سال در میان چرا و استراحت بسته به وضعیت مرتع و روش مرتعداری) پیشنهاد می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Lichen beta diversity variations at different grazing intensity in Semirom mountainous rangelands

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ezatollah Moradi 1
  • Gholamali Heshmati 2
  • Amirahmad Dehghani 3

1 Ph.D. Rangeland Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural sciences & Natural Resources.Iran

2 Professor, Gorgan University of Agricultural sciences & Natural Resources.Iran

3 Associate Prof. Dept. Water Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural sciences & Natural Resources, Iran

چکیده [English]

Nowadays, biological crusts, including lichens, are used as a living biological indexes. The Main objective of this study is evaluation of lichen diversity trends at differences grazing intensity in the mountain rangelands of Semorom in Isfahan province. The lichen diversity is dependent variable and grazing intensity (consists of 5 stoking rate 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3 animal unit per hectare) considerd as independent variable. Each stoking rate studied along 4 years by implementing 5 management scenarios (grazing and ungrazing alternatively and consecutively). The presence and absence of lichens was performed by random sampling method using transects and sampling units. The lichen diversity analyzed by PAST software and the relationship between variables was calculated by SPSS. The result showed that the lichens diversity is a good indicates of pressure on rangeland ecosystems. In management of rangeland ecosystems, lichen diversity can be used as an ecological indicator for rangeland ecosystems under pressure or non-pressure. Also, the best grazing management scenario for this area is suggested based on the variation of lichen diversity, alternating grazing scenario (every one year between grazing and resting depending on rangeland status and range method).
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Rangeland
  • lichen
  • grazing pressure
  • scenario
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