همکاری با انجمن علمی مدیریت و کنترل مناطق بیابانی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار، بخش تحقیقات بیابان، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران،‌ ایران

چکیده

در مطالعه حاضر ، تغییرات زمانی و مکانی تراز آب زیرزمینی در نه قنات (کانال های زیرزمینی) زیر حوضه میقان در منطقه اراک به صورت کمی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در این روش ارزیابی، سری زمانی داده های تولید شده سال های آبی(1390- 1365) دفتر مطالعات منابع آب, اداره کل امور آب استان مرکزی جمع آوری شده و با کمک نرم افزار سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی مورد پردازش و تجزیه تحلیل قرار گرفت. در این روش ابتدا سری های زمانی داده های میانگین دبی و برداشت از قنات به صورت روزانه, ماهانه و سالانه, جمع آوری شده, تنظیم و مورد پایش قرار گرفت. سپس روند تغییرات تراز آب همه چاه های مورد بررسی در طی26 سال مورد ارزیابی و مقایسه قرار گرفته و با استفاده از روش های آماری- ترسیمی روندیابی شد. سپس روند تغییرات تراز آب همه چاه های مورد بررسی به ترتیب و با استفاده از روش های آماری- ترسیمی در سری های زمانی 26 ساله تعیین شد. از روش های رگرسیون خطی و آماره من-کندال برای آزمون معنی داری روند تغییرات سری چاه ها و یا آبخوان های مربوط به قنات ها استفاده شد. در ادامه با استفاده از نرم افزارARC GIS , درون یابی نقاط بر روی نقشه, انجام و نقشه های مربوطه تهیه گردید. نتایج نشان داد مطابق هیدروگراف 26 سال, تراز آب زیرزمینی به شدت کاهش یافته است. اطلاعات هیدروژئولوژیکی موجود ، افت شدید تراز آب آبخوان را در سال های اخیر نشان داده است. حداکثر میزان افت در قسمت های مرکزی زیر حوضه میقان مشاهده شده است. مهمترین دلایل افزایش میزان تراز آب های زیرزمینی ، مدیریت نادرست و برداشت بی رویه منابع آب زیرزمینی توسط کشاورزان و همچنین کاهش مکرر بارش است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Trend analysis of annual, seasonal and monthly groundwater level (Case study: sub-basin of Arak Mighan)

نویسنده [English]

  • Tahereh Ensafi moghaddam

Assistant Professor, Desert Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

In the present study, the Miqan sub-basin of the Arak region was quantitatively investigated to find out the temporal and spatial variations of groundwater level in the nine Qanats (subterranean canals).  The methodology to evaluate the spatial and temporal changes of groundwater level,  the  26 years data of changes in underground water (1365 -1390) produced by the Water Authority Bureau of Arak city for the Miqan-sub-catchment were collected and analyzed using GIS software and time series methodology processing of data. In this methodology, firstly the mean of water discharge and withdrawals of qanats water for daily, monthly and annually were analyzed and monitored.  Then the trend of changes in the water level of all investigated wells for the 26 years data was graphically determined for those time series respectively. Secondly, a group of hydrograph for this sub-catchment were presented in figures and compared for all-time series based on daily, monthly, seasonally and annually respectively mentioned in the paper. Linear regression (simple linear) and Mann-Kendall statistics method were used to test the significant trend of changes in the underground level for all the periods' mentioned above. In the last stage, to produce the sub-catchment maps for showing the groundwater hydrograph of the plain, interpolation on maps was performed using ARC GIS software. The results indicated that according to the hydrograph of the 26 years of groundwater level has decreased drastically. Available hydrogeological data also show a sharp drop in aquifer water levels in recent years. The maximum rate of decline has been observed in the central parts, located below the Miqan basin. The most important reasons in increasing the rate of groundwater level are the mismanagement and uncontrolled withdrawal of groundwater resources by resident farmers and also the frequent reduction of precipitation

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Aquifer
  • Monitoring of ground water
  • water drop
  • subterranean
  • Mighan sub-basin
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