نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دکترای علوم مرتع، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویح کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران
2 مربی پژوهشی بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران
3 دانشیار پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات مرتع، موسسه جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویح کشاورزی، تهران، ایران
4 کارشناس پژوهشی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویح کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران
چکیده
استفاده از پلیمرها برای کنترل فرسایش بادی در سالهای اخیر مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. اما قبل از توصیه آنها بهعنوان مالچ باید اثر آنها بر محیطزیست و کاهش فرسایش بادی بررسی شود. در این مقاله اثر پلیمر ایمنآسیا در تثبیت ماسههای روان و کاهش فرسایش بادی در دو بخش آزمایشگاهی و میدانی در منطقه جرقویه سفلی بررسی شد. بدینمنظور، ابتدا امولسیونی از پلیمر در آب با نسبت یک به سه (یک قسمت پلیمر در دو قسمت آب) تهیه و برای بررسی اثر آن بر کاهش فرسایش، حجمی از امولسیون که حاوی 80، 100 و 120 کیلوگرم پلیمر بود در کرتهای 25 مترمربعی با سه تکرار پاشیده شد. نتایج نشان داد که سرعت آستانه فرسایش بادی بعد از مالچپاشی، در تمام تیمارها از 5/3 به بیش از 11 متر بر ثانیه افزایش یافت. بررسی تأثیرات زیستمحیطی پلیمر نشان داد که غلظت مالچ بر جوانهزنی گیاهان بومی و نحوه زندگی حشرات و جوندگان منطقه تأثیری ندارد. تأثیر پلیمر بر خصوصیات فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک شامل بررسی تغییرات میزان عناصر سمی و فلزات سنگین بر روی خاک عرصه قبل و بعد از مالچپاشی نیز مؤید عدم تأثیر منفی آن بر این خصوصیات میباشد. از لحاظ اقتصادی هزینه استفاده از این پلیمر برای هر هکتار بررسی شد. بر اساس ارزش خالص فعلی (NVP) این ماده و میزان بازده داخلی (IRR) آن، اقتصادی بودن استفاده از آن و سرمایهگذاری در راستای بهرهبرداری از این پلیمر بهعنوان مالچ، توجیهپذیر است. با توجه به عدم مشاهده اثرهای مخرب زیستمحیطی و توانایی کاهش فرسایش بادی و اقتصادی بودن نسبت به مالچ نفتی، استفاده از این پلیمر بهعنوان مالچ توصیه میگردد.
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Investigating the possibility of using Imen Asia polymer in reducing wind erosion and dust
نویسندگان [English]
- Razieh Saboohi 1
- Farzad Heidari Mourchekhorti 2
- Morteza Khodagholi 3
- Somayeh Salehpour 4
1 PhD of Range Management, Isfahan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Isfahan, I.R.Iran
2 Scientific board, Research Division of Soil Conservation and Watershed Management, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Isfahan, Iran
3 Associate Prof., Rangeland Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, AREEO, Tehran, .Iran
4 Researcher, Isfahan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]
The use of polymers to control wind erosion has been considered in recent years. However, before recommending them as mulch, their effects on the environment and reduction of wind erosion should be investigated. In this paper, the effect of Imen Asia polymer in stabilizing quicksands and reducing wind erosion in both laboratory and field sections in the Lower Jargooiyeh region was investigated. For this purpose, first, an emulsion of polymer in water with a ratio of one to three (one-part polymer in two parts water) was prepared and to investigate its effect on reducing erosion, a volume of emulsion containing 80, 100, and 120 kg of polymer in 25 m2 plots Sprayed with three repetitions. The results showed that the wind erosion threshold speed after mulching increased from 3.5 to more than 11 m / s in all treatments. The study of the environmental effects of the polymer showed that the concentration of mulch did not affect the germination of native plants and the lifestyle of insects and rodents in the area. The effect of polymer on the physical and chemical properties of soil, including changes in the number of toxic elements and heavy metals on the soil before and after mulching, also confirms that it does not have a negative effect on these properties. Economically, the cost of using this polymer per hectare was evaluated. Based on the net present value (NVP) of this material and its internal rate of return (IRR), the economics of using it and investing in the use of this polymer as mulch are justified. Due to the lack of harmful effects on the environment and the ability to reduce wind erosion and economical to oil mulch, the use of this polymer as mulch is recommended
کلیدواژهها [English]
- Polymer
- Mulch
- Wind erosion
- Dust
- Environmental Technology
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