نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
استادیار، پژوهشکده مطالعات و تحقیقات منابع آب، مؤسسه تحقیقات آب، تهران، ایران
چکیده
ازجمله مهمترین ویژگی‌های مناطق بیابانی ایران، وجود تپه‌های ماسه‌ای بادی است که پویایی و جابجایی آنها در گذر زمان آنها را از بسیاری از پدیده‌های ژئومورفولوژیکی دیگر متمایز کرده است. هدف از این تحقیق ارزیابی میزان جابجایی تپه‌های ماسه‌ای یکی از بزرگترین مجتمع‌های ماسه‌ای جهان، ریگ‌یلان در شرق کویر لوت است. بدین‌منظور از تصاویر ماهواره Sentinel-1 که جزو ماهواره‌های راداری محسوب میگردد استفاده شد. در این راستا از چهار تصویر ماهواره Sentinel-1 در ابتدای تابستان سال‌های 2017، 2018، 2019 و 2020 استفاده گردید. برای برآورد میزان جابجایی تپه‌های ماسه‌ای منطقه مورد مطالعه از روش ردیابی انحراف (Offset Tracking) استفاده شد. در روش ردیابی انحراف مقدار جابجایی‌های افقی با محاسبه میزان انحراف یا همبستگی بین دو تصویر راداری که به‌صورت مشترک از یک منطقه گرفته شده‌اند محاسبه میشود. در این روش بهترین تطابق بین دو تصویر با به حداکثر رساندن همبستگی نرمال متقابل بین تصاویر بدست می‌آید. بر اساس نتایج بدست‌آمده در طول بازه زمانی مورد مطالعه، مقدار جابجایی تپه‌های ماسه‌ای ریگ‌یلان از صفر در مناطق خاکی و رسوبی غیر متحرک تا حداکثر 3 متر بر سال در هرم‌های ماسه‌ای بزرگ منطقه که عمدتاً در مرکز، غرب و جنوب ریگ متمرکز هستند متغیر بوده است. جابجایی برخان‌ها، تپه‌های طولی و عرضی و در نهایت هرم‌های ماسه‌ای به هم پیوسته قیفی شکل ریگ‌یلان در یک راستای ثابت و مشخص اتفاق نیفتاده است و در هر بخشی از آن متناسب با وضعیت مورفولوژیکی، جهت‌گیری یال‌ها و همچنین اندازه و ارتفاع تپه‌های ماسه‌ای سوگیری‌ها و جابجایی‌های متفاوتی مشاهده میگردد. بر اساس نتایج بدست‌آمده، تمام عوارض ماسه‌ای موجود در ریگ‌یلان به‌طور میانگین حدود 94/0 متر بر سال دچار جابجایی میشوند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Monitoring the movement of windy sand dunes of Rige Yalan in the Loot desert using SAR satellite images
نویسنده [English]
- Neamat Karimi
Assistant Professor, Water Resources Research Department, Water Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]
One of the most important features of the desert areas of Iran is the existence of windy sand dunes, which their dynamics and movement over time have distinguished them from many other geomorphological phenomena. The main objective of the present study is to evaluate the displacement of sand dunes in one of the largest sand complexes in the world, Rig Yalan in the east of the Loot desert. For this purpose, Sentinel-1 satellite images, which are considered SAR satellites, were used. In this regard, four Sentinel-1 satellite images were used at the beginning of summer 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020. The offset tracking method was used to estimate the displacement of sand dunes in the study area. In the Offset Tracking method, the amount of horizontal displacements is measured by calculating the amount of deviation or correlation between two radar images taken from the same area. In this approach, the best match between the two images is achieved by maximizing the normalized cross-correlation. Based on the obtained results, during the study period, the amount of displacement of Yalan sand dunes in the closed and non-mobile areas has been up to a maximum of 3 meters per year in the large sand pyramids of the region, which are mainly concentrated in the center, west and south of the area. The movement of huts, ripple marks, longitudinal and transverse hills, and finally interconnected funnel-shaped sand pyramids of Yalan sand has not occurred in a fixed and definite direction and each part of it according to the morphological condition, the orientation of ridges as well as hill size and height different biases and displacements are observed. Based on the obtained results, all the features of the sand in Yalan sand are displaced on average about 0.94 meters per year.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Remote Sensing
- Sand Dune
- Barchan
- Horizontal Displacement
- SAR Image
- Offset Tracking
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