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ارزیابی تغییرات کاربری اراضی استان اردبیل با استفاده از پردازش تصاویر ماهواره‌ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای علوم مرتع، گروه منابع طبیعی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، ایران

2 استاد، گروه منابع طبیعی ، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه علوم گیاهی و گیاهان دارویی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، ایران

4 دانش‌آموخته دکترای علوم مرتع، گروه منابع طبیعی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، ایران

چکیده

با ارزیابی تغییرات کاربری و پوشش اراضی، امکان برنامه‌ریزی و مدیریت اراضی برای کاهش اثر تغییر و تخریب بهره‌برداری‌ها امکان‌پذیر است. هدف این پژوهش، ارزیابی تغییرات کاربری اراضی استان اردبیل بین سال‌های 1366 تا 1394 با استفاده از تصاویر ماهواره سنجندهThematic Mapper  (TM) لندست 5 و تصاویر ماهواره سنجنده Operational Land Imager (OLI) لندست 8 بوده است. ابتدا کارایی روش طبقه‌بندی شیءگرا با استفاده از نقاط کنترل زمینی، تشکیل ماتریس خطا و مقایسه مؤلفه‌های صحت و ضریب کاپا برای نقشه‌های حاصل ارزیابی شد. صحت کل و ضریب کاپا برای سال 1366 به‌ترتیب برابر 3/82% و 70/0 و سال 1394 به‌ترتیب برابر با 94% و 90/0 محاسبه شد. نتایج آشکارسازی تغییرات نشان داد که در بین سال‌های 1366 تا 1394 سطح مراتع 2/4% برابر 3/75039 هکتار و جنگل‌ها 5/0% برابر 7/9393 هکتار نسبت به سطح کل استان اردبیل کاهش و زراعت آبی 1/3% برابر 8/55276 هکتار، مناطق مسکونی 8/0% برابر 7/14989 هکتار و زراعت دیم 7/0% برابر 4/12632 هکتار نسبت به سطح کل استان، افزایش یافته‌اند. عمده‌ترین تغییراتی که در بازه زمانی مورد مطالعه در منطقه رخ ‌داده است، تبدیل مراتع به دیمزار برابر با 8/13% در حدود 2/141794 هکتار و اراضی کشت آبی 8/4% برابر 9/49836 هکتار از مراتع، تبدیل زراعت آبی به دیم برابر با 7/7% در حدود 8/11464 هکتار و تبدیل جنگل به مرتع برابر با 1/6% در حدود 9/1059 هکتار است که بیانگر ضرورت جدی بازنگری در سیاست‌های مدیریتی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of land use changes in Ardabil province using satellite image processing

نویسندگان [English]

  • Azad Kakehmami 1
  • Ardavan Ghorbani 2
  • Mehdi Moameri 3
  • Sahar Ghafari 4

1 PhD Student of Rangeland Science, Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili

2 Associate professorProfessor, Department of Natural Resources, Water Management Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili

3 Associate Professor, Department of Plant Sciences and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili

4 PhD Graduated of Rangeland Science, Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili

چکیده [English]

By evaluating land use change and land cover, it is possible to plan and land manage to reduce the impact of alteration and degradation of exploitations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate land use changes in Ardabil province between 1987 and 2015 using Thematic Mapper (TM) sensor of Landsat 5 and Operational Land Imager (OLI) sensor of Landsat 8 satellite images. Firstly, the efficiency of the object-based classification method was evaluated using ground control points, error matrix, and comparing total accuracy and kappa coefficients for the resulting maps. Total accuracy and Kappa coefficients for 1987 were 82.3% and 0.70, and 2015 were 94% and 0.90, respectively. Change detection results showed that from 1987 to 2015, rangelands decreased by 4.2%, equivalent to 75039.3 hectares and forests decreased by 0.5%, equivalent to 9393.7 hectares compared to the total province area and irrigation farming increased by 3.1%, equivalent to 55276.8 hectares, residential areas increased by 0.8%, equivalent to 14989.7 hectares and dry farming increased by 0.7%, equivalent to 12632.4 hectares compared to the total province area. The most significant changes that occurred from 1987 to 2015 were the conversion of rangelands to dry farming with 13.8%, equivalent to 141794.2 hectares and irrigation farming lands with 4.8%, equivalent to 49836.9 hectares of rangelands, irrigation farming to dry farming with 7.7%, equivalent to 11464.8 hectares and forests to rangelands with 6.1%, equivalent to 1059.9 hectares which indicate that the requirement of a serious revision of the management policies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ardabil province
  • temporal land use changes
  • satellite images
  • object-based
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تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران
دوره 28، شماره 3
مهر 1400
صفحه 537-550
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