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بررسی توانایی رشد خارشتر (Alhagi maurorum Medik.) در اراضی شور استان یزد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، مرکز ملی تحقیقات شوری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، یزد، ایران

2 محقق، مرکز ملی تحقیقات شوری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، یزد، ایران

چکیده

در این پژوهش برخی ویژگی­های خاک و همچنین رشد خارشتر (Alhagi maurorum Medik.)  در اراضی شور استان یزد در سال­های 99-1398 پایش گردید. بر این اساس، توانایی رشد این گونه در اراضی شور بررسی شد. برای این کار هفت مرتع استان یزد شامل بافق، جوادیه، بهاباد، جلگه، اردکان، عقدا و ابرکوه با پوشش غالب خارشتر انتخاب گردید. شوری عصاره اشباع و اسیدیته خاک، شوری و اسیدیته آب، وزن ‌تر و وزن خشک خارشتر با استفاده از نمونه­برداری و شوری ظاهری خاک با استفاده از دستگاه القاءگر الکترومغناطیس (EM38) پایش شد. نتایج نشان داد که ضرایب تبیین (R2) برآورد شوری خاک با استفاده از دستگاه EM38 برای مناطق مختلف قابل ­قبول و بین 52/0 تا 86/0 متغیر بود. شوری خاک در اراضی مورد بررسی از 17/2 گرم املاح در کیلوگرم خاک در عقدا تا 5/226 گرم املاح در کیلوگرم خاک در اردکان برای عمق 30-0 سانتی‌متری و از 40/0 گرم املاح در کیلوگرم خاک در بافق تا 3/118 گرم املاح در کیلوگرم خاک در اردکان برای عمق 60-30 سانتی‌متری متغیر بود. بیشینه تولید خارشتر، برابر با 25 تن در هکتار وزن ‌تر و 7 تن در هکتار وزن خشک بود. در بافق با شوری آب 12 دسی­زیمنس بر متر و شوری خاک 11 گرم در کیلوگرم مشاهده شد. به­طور میانگین بیشترین تولید به­ترتیب در بافق، بهاباد، ابرکوه، عقدا و اردکان مشاهده شد که تقریباً با تغییرات شوری و اسیدیته خاک منطبق بود. بنابراین به ­نظر می­رسد که خارشتر تحمل بسیار بالایی به شوری آب و خاک دارد، ولی به اسیدیته خاک حساس می‌باشد. استفاده از دستگاه EM38 برای ارزیابی شوری خاک در اراضی با پوشش خارشتر استان یزد دقت قابل ‌قبولی داشت و برای پایش شوری خاک سایر مراتع توصیه می­شود، ولی واسنجی در هر منطقه و برای هر عمق خاک به‌صورت جداگانه ضروریست.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating the ability of camelthorn (Alhagi maurorum Medik.) growth in saline lands of Yazd Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hadi Pirasteh-Anosheh 1
  • Mehdi Shiran Tafti 2
  • Farhad Dehghani 1
  • Gholamhasan Ranjbar 1

1 Assistant Professor, National Salinity Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Yazd, Iran

2 Researcher, National Salinity Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Yazd, Iran

چکیده [English]

In current research, some soil properties and growth of camelthorn (Alhagi maurorum Medik.) were monitored in saline lands in Yazd Province during 2019-2020 and accordingly, the ability of this species was determined for growing in the saline lands. For this purpose, seven rangelands in Yazd consisted of Bafgh, Javadieh, Bahabad, Jolgeh, Ardakan, Aghda and Abarkooh were selected, in which Alhagi was dominant vegetation. Salinity of saturated extract (ECe) and pH of soil, salinity and pH of water, fresh and dry weight were measured by sampling and apparent soil salinity (ECa) was assessed by electromagnetic induction device (EM38). The results showed that regression coefficients (R2) of estimating soil salinity using EM38 device in different regions were accepted and varied between 0.52-0.86. Soil salinity levels varied over the surveyed lands from 2.17 g salt/kg soil in Aghda to 226.5 g salt/kg soil in Ardakan for 0-30 cm soil depth and from 0.4 g salt/kg soil in Bafgh to 118.3 g salt/kg soil in Ardakan for 30-60 cm soil depth. The maximum production of ryegrass, equal to 25 tons ha-1 of fresh weight and 7 tons ha-1 of dry weight, was observed in Bafgh with water salinity of 12 dS m-1 and soil salinity of 11 g kg-1. On average, the highest production was observed in Bafgh, Bahabad, Abarkooh, Aqda and Ardakan, respectively, which was almost consistent with changes in soil salinity and acidity. It seems that Alhagi has high tolerance to water and soil salinity, however, is sensitive to soil pH. The use of EM38 device to evaluate soil salinity in lands with camelthorn cover of Yazd province was reasonably accurate, and is recommended for monitoring soil salinity of other rangelands, but calibration in each area and for each soil depth separately is necessary.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Xerophyte
  • haloculture
  • forage
  • halophyte
مراجع
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تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران
دوره 28، شماره 3
مهر 1400
صفحه 507-519
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هم رسانی
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