همکاری با انجمن علمی مدیریت و کنترل مناطق بیابانی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خوزستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اهواز، ایران

2 پژوهشگر و ناظر مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مطالعه پوشش گیاهی و اندازه­گیری شاخص­های تنوع ابزار مناسبی برای مطالعه وضعیت پوشش جنگل­ها و مراتع و ارزیابی آنهاست. این پژوهش با هدف ارزیابی روند تغییرات پوشش گیاهی طی چهار سال متوالی در دو فصل در منطقه بگعان انجام شد. بدین‌منظور تعداد 5 ترانسکت 100 متری با فواصل 50 متری در منطقه مورد مطالعه به‌صورت تصادفی سیستماتیک در نظر گرفته ­شد. در امتداد ترانسکت­ها جمعاً 30 پلات یک مترمربعی ثابت نصب گردید. در دو فصل رویشی بهار و پاییز طی سال­های 1396 تا 1399 نوع و درصد پوشش گونه­های بومی برداشت شد. با استفاده از نرم­افزارPAST  و R شاخص­های غالبیت، یکنواختی و تنوع گونه­ای سیمپسون، شانون و هیل اندازه­گیری شد. نتایج تجزیه واریانس یک‌طرفه در بهار سال­های 1396 تا 1399 نشان داد که میان میانگین شاخص­های درصد پوشش، غالبیت و شاخص­های تنوع سیمپسون و شانون در سال‌های متوالی برداشت اختلاف معنی‌داری وجود دارد. در پاییز به غیر از شاخص غالبیت در سایر شاخص­ها طی پاییز سال­ 1398 نسبت به سال 1397، اختلاف معنی‌داری وجود داشت. از نتایج ذکرشده نتیجه­گیری می­شود، با وجود برگشت تعدادی گونه یکساله یا کوتاه‌زی مانند Bienertia cycloptera Bunge وSalsola jordanicola Eig.  در پی آبیاری نهال­های کشت شده و بارندگی، منطقه مورد مطالعه همچنان حساس و شکننده بوده و تا احیای مناسب نیاز به مدیریت و قرق دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of biodiversity indices during four years in Bagan region of Khuzestan province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehri Dinarvand 1
  • Kourosh Behnamfar 1
  • Abdolhosein Arami 2
  • Sajad Alimahmoudi Sarab 2
  • Kahzad Heidari 2

1 Assistant Professor, Forests and Rangelands Research Department, Khuzestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ahvaz, Iran

2 Researcher in Forests and Rangelands Research Department, Khuzestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ahvaz, Iran

چکیده [English]

The study of vegetation and the measurement of diversity indices are suitable tools for studying the status of forests and rangelands and evaluating them. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the trend of vegetation changes during four consecutive years and in two seasons in the Bagan region. For this purpose, 5 transects of 100 meters with distances of 50 meters in the study area were considered systematically randomly. A total of 30 plots of one fixed square meter were installed along the transects. In two growing seasons, spring and fall, from 2017 to 2020, the type and percentage of cover of native species were harvested. Dominance, uniformity and diversity of Simpson, Shannon and Hill species were measured using PAST and R software. The results of one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that there is a significant difference between the mean of dominance, Shannon and Simpson indices, percentage of cover, and the number of species in the spring of different harvest years. In fall, except for the dominance index in other indices during July 2019 compared to 2018, there was a significant difference. From the results, it can be concluded that despite the return of some annual or short-lived species such as Bienertia cycloptera Bunge and Salsola jordanicola Eig. following irrigation of cultivated seedlings and rainfall, the study area is still sensitive and fragile and needs to be managed and confined until proper rehabilitation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Atriplex
  • Simpson diversity index
  • Shannon diversity index
  • seedling
  • vegetation percentage
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