نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی هرمزگان
2 دانشیار موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور
چکیده
پدیده خشکسالی یکی از مهمترین بلایای طبیعی‌ست که جوامع انسانی را تهدید می‌کند. برای پایش این پدیده شاخص‌های گوناگونی مورد استفاده قرار می‌گیرد. هدف از این تحقیق ارزیابی و پایش پدیده خشکسالی بر اساس دو شاخص بارش استاندارد شده (SPI) و بارش- تبخیر و تعرق استاندارد شده (SPEI) در استان هرمزگان است. شاخص SPI تنها بر اساس داده‌های بارش و شاخص SPEI بر اساس داده‌های بارش و مقادیر تبخیر و تعرق پتانسیل (روش تورنت وایت) خشکسالی را محاسبه می‌کنند. جهت انجام این تحقیق از داده‌های ماهانه بارش و داده‌های میانگین درجه حرارت ماهانه پنج ایستگاه سینوپتیک بندرعباس، بندر لنگه، حاجی‌آباد، میناب و بندر جاسک برای یک دوره 30 ساله (1988-2017) استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد هر چند مقادیر شاخص SPIو SPEI دارای همبستگی بوده‌اند امّا شاخص SPEIنسبت به خشکی حساس‌تر و پاسخ سریع‌تری نسبت به آن داشته است و دوره‌های خشک و مرطوب طولانی‌تری نشان داده است. در خصوص مقایسه بین ایستگاهی نیز مشخص شد که بین مقادیر شاخص SPI ایستگاه‌های مورد مطالعه تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود نداشته است، همچنین تفاوت معنی‌داری در مقادیر شاخص SPEI بین ایستگاهی نیز دیده نشده است. در ادامه مشخص شد پراکنش شاخص SPI در سطح استان هرمزگان یکنواخت‌تر از پراکنش شاخص SPEI بوده است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Assessment and drought monitoring using Standardized Precipitation (SPI) and Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration (SPEI) Indices in Hormozgan province
نویسندگان [English]
- Mahmood Abadeh 1
- Mohammad Khosroshahi 2
1 Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education center of Hormozgan
2 Associate Professor., Forest Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
چکیده [English]
Drought is one of the most important natural disasters that threaten human societies. Various indices are employed for drought monitoring. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and monitor the drought phenomenon based on two indicators of standardized precipitation (SPI) and standardized precipitation-evapotranspiration (SPEI) in Hormozgan province. SPI index is calculated only based on precipitation data, and SPEI index is calculated based on precipitation data and evapotranspiration potential values Torrent White method) of drought. For this study, monthly precipitation data and average monthly temperature data of five synoptic stations of Bandar Abbas, Bandar Lengeh, Hajiabad, Minab, and Bandar Jask for a period of 30 years (1988-2017) were used. The results showed that although the values of SPI and SPEI index were correlated, SPEI index was more sensitive to drought and faster response to it and showed longer dry and wet periods. Comparison of SPI index values of different climate stations revealed no significant difference between their SPI values. It was also found that there was no considerable difference between SPEI index values for selected stations. Finally, the findings showed that the spatial distribution of the SPI index was more uniform compared to that of the SPEI index in Hormozgan province.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Drought, Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI)
- Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), Hormozgan province
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