نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 هیات علمی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی هرمزگان
2 استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گلستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،
3 موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، بخش تحقیقات جنگل
4 استادیار پژوهش موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران
5 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد علوم و مهندسی مرتع، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
چکیده
هدف از این تحقیق بررسی مقایسه اثرات ریشه و برگ کهور پاکستانی (Prosopis juliflora (Sw) DC) در غلظتهای مختلف بر درصد سبز شدن، شاخص بنیه بذر، طول ریشهچه و ساقهچه دو گونه مرتعی لاتی (Taverniera spartea (Burm. f.) DC.) و ریشپری شندوست Pennisetum divisum (Forssk. ex J. F. Gmel.) Henrard در استان هرمزگان است. پس از پودر نمودن برگ و پوست ساقه کهور پاکستانی و مخلوط کردن آن با خاک فضای باز رویشگاه کهور پاکستانی (0، 20، 40، 60 و 80 گرم از هر اندام در هر کیلوگرم خاک)، 15 عدد بذر دو گونه ریشپری شندوست و لاتی با 4 تکرار در خاک مورد نظر کشت و متغیرهای مورد نظر ثبت و با استفاده از آنالیز آماری GLM تجزیه و تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد شاخص بنیه بذر، طول ریشهچه و ساقهچه گونه لاتی در خاک آغشته به پوست با مقادیر77/10، 47/3 و63/3 سانتیمتر و در گونه ریشپری شندوست با مقادیر 7/5، 36/4 و 15/4 سانتیمتر بیشتر از مقادیر آنها در برگ بود. همچنین شاخص بنیه بذر و طول ساقهچه در گونه لاتی و شاخص بنیه بذر، طول ریشهچه و ساقهچه در گونه ریشپری شندوست در تیمار 8 درصد کمترین مقدار را داشت. اثرات متقابل غلظت× اندام نیز نشان داد، عصاره برگ اثرات معنیدار کاهشی بر شاخص بنیه بذر، طول ساقهچه در هر دو گونه و طول ریشهچه در گونه ریشپری شندوست دارد. همچنین درصد سبزشدن در گونه ریشپری شندوست در تیمار شاهد (33/18 درصد) بیشترین مقدار را داشت. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد کهور پاکستانی دارای اثرات بازدارندگی بر گونههای مرتعی است بنابراین انتخاب این گونه برای جنگلکاری در نواحی بیابانی، بایستی با حساسیت بیشتری انجام پذیرد و استفاده از گونههای بومی کنار، کهور و مغیر در اولویت قرار گیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Effects of Leaf and Bark Extract of Prosopis juliflora on Emergence Characteristics of Two Rangeland Species of Pennisetum divisum and Taverniera spartea
نویسندگان [English]
- maryam moslehi 1
- Akram Ahmadi 2
- SeyedMousa Sadeghi 3
- Majid Hassani 4
- Elham Ghaderi 5
1 Assistant Professor., Research Division of Natural Resources, Hormozgan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Bandarabbas, Iran
2 Research Division of Natural Resources, Golestan. Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Gorgan, Iran
3 Forest Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands
4 Assistant Professor of Research, Forests and Rangelands Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran
5 M. Sc. student of Rangeland Science and Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran
چکیده [English]
This study aimed to compare the effects of roots and leaves of Prosopis juliflora (SW) DC at different concentrations on emergence, vigor, radicle, and plumule length of two species of Taverniera spartea (Burm. F.) DC. and Pennisetum divisum (Forssk. Ex JF Gmel.) Henrard in Hormozgan province, Iran. After grounding the leaves and bark of Prosopis juliflora and mixing it with the soil of Prosopis juliflora habitat (0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 g of each organ per kg of soil), 15 seeds of Pennisetum divisum and Taverniera spartea species with four replications were cultivated in the soil, and the desired variables were recorded and analyzed using GLM statistical analysis. The results showed that vigor, radicle, and plumule length of Taverniera spartea species in soil associated with bark was 10.77, 3.47, and 3.63 cm, and in Pennisetum divisum species were 5.7, 4.36, and 4.15 cm that was higher than in the leaves. Also, seed vigor, plumule length in Taverniera spartea species, and seed vigor, radicle, and plumule length in Pennisetum divisum species had the lowest values in 8% treatment. The interaction effects of concentration×organ also showed that the leaf extraction had significant decreasing effects on seed vigor, plumule length in both species, and radicle length in Pennisetum divisum species. Also, the emergence percentage in Pennisetum divisum species (18.33%) was the highest in the control treatment. The results showed that Prosopis juliflora has inhibitory effects on rangeland species, so the selection of this species for afforestation in desert areas should be done more sensitively and the use of native species (Ziziphus spina christi, Prosopis cineraria, and Acacia oerfota) should be prioritized.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Forest floor
- native species
- invasive species
- Hormozgan province
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