همکاری با انجمن علمی مدیریت و کنترل مناطق بیابانی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکدة کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس.ایران.

2 دانشگاه کشاورزی علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان. ایران.

3 گروه آموزشی منابع طبیعی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران

4 گروه مدیریت صنعتی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران. تهران.ایران

چکیده

مدیریت مشارکتی در حفاظت از اکوسیستم‌های بیابانی، به دلیل حساسیت و شکنندگی بالای این اکوسیستم‌ها حائز اهمیت است. بااین‌حال، توجه ناکافی به موقعیت ذینفعان در شبکه روابط اجتماعی، منجر به شکست آن شده است. لذا شناسایی بازیگران کلیدی در مدیریت مشارکتی اکوسیستم‌های بیابانی مهم است. این مطالعه به منظور بررسی انسجام شبکه‌ی همکاری و تعیین بازیگران کلیدی ذینفعان دولتی در دو سطح نهادهای دولتی و مردمی با رویکرد مدیریت مشارکتی انجام شده است. اطلاعات و داده‌ها از طریق روش‌های پیمایشی، مصاحبه و شرکت در جلسات با نمایندگان دستگاه‌ها و جوامع محلی جمع‌آوری شد. پس از شناسایی 45 نهاد دولتی ذینفع، یک پرسشنامهتحلیل شبکه اجتماعی تهیه و توسط 41 نفر از اعضای جامعه محلی و 34 نفر از  نهادهای دولتی تکمیل شد. سپس داده‌های تهیه شده وارد نرم‌افزار مایکروسافت اکسل شده و با استفاده از نرم‌افزار UCINET6.718 مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. از دو ماتریس تک‌وجهی سازمان- سازمان و مردم- سازمان برای ترسیم شبکه‌ها استفاده شد و سپس شاخص‌های کلان و خرد شبکه مانند تراکم، مرکزیت بینابینی، نقاط برشی، مرکزیت درجه و مرکزیت بینابینی برای تفسیر شبکه‌ها محاسبه شد. نتایج نشان داد که شاخص تراکم در هر دو شبکه‌ی همکاری سازمان- سازمان (672/0) و مردم- سازمان (77/0) بیش‌ازحد میانگین ارزیابی شده است و بنابراین قابل قبول است. همچنین، اداره‌ی حفاظت محیط‌زیست شهرستان قشم دارای بالاترین شاخص مرکزیت بینابینی در بین 45 دستگاه شناسایی‌شده در هر دو شبکه‌ی همکاری است. بنابراین، همکاری بیشتر سازمان‌های درگیر در مدیریت مشارکتی منابع طبیعی برای حفاظت و توسعه جنگل‌های حرا به منظور کاهش هر نوع آلودگی محیط‌زیست پیشنهاد می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Participatory management in desert ecosystems; Study of cooperation network of public and governmental institutions in mangrove forests (Qeshm Island)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Soleymani 1
  • Hannaneh Mohmmadi Kangarani 2
  • Marzieh Rezai 3
  • Mahnaz Hosseinzadeh 4

1 Department of Desertification, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Hormozgan, Bandar abas, I. R. Iran.

2 Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Gorgan, I. R. Iran.

3 Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Hormozgan University, Bandar Abbas, Iran

4 Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, I.R. Iran

چکیده [English]

    Participatory management in the protection of desert ecosystems is important due to the high sensitivity and fragility of these ecosystems. However, insufficient attention to the position of stakeholders in the social relations network has led to its failure. Therefore, identifying key actors is significant in the participatory management of the desert ecosystems. This study was conducted to investigate the coherence of the cooperation network and determine the key actors of government stakeholders at both levels of government and public institutions considering the participatory management approach. Information and data were collected through surveying, interviews, and participating meetings with representatives of the organizations and local communities. After identifying 45 beneficiary government institutions, a social network analysis questionnaire was developed and completed by 41 members of the local community and 34 members of the governmental institutions. Then, the prepared data were entered into the Microsoft Excel software and were analyzed using the UCINET6.718 software. Two one-dimensional matrices of organization-organization and people-organization were used to delineate the networks; then, different macro and micro indicators of the network such as density, shear points, degree centrality, and betweenness centrality were calculated to interpret the networks. The results showed that density index in both organization-organization (0.672) and people-organization (0.77) cooperation networks were evaluated more than average. So, it is acceptable. Also, the Department of Environmental Protection of Qeshm city has the highest index of betweenness centrality among 45 identified devices in both cooperation networks. Therefore, more cooperation of the organizations involved in participatory management of natural resources is suggested to protect and develop the mangrove forests to reduce each type of environmental pollution.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Social Network Analysis
  • density
  • mangrove forests
  • participatory management
  • degree centrality
  • NetDraw
  • Bagherzadeh Homaii, M., Mahdavi, R. and Rezai, M., 2020. Coastal deserts management by assessing the land suitability of mangrove wetland ecosystems in attracting tourists. Iranian Journal of Desert Management, 15:191-204.
  • Damastuti, E. and de Groot, R., 2019. Participatory ecosystem service mapping to enhance community-based mangrove rehabilitation and management in Demak, Indonesia. Journal of Regional environmental change, 19(1): 65-78.
  • Ebrahimizadeh, M.A., Mohammadi Kangarani, H., Gholami, H. and Nikkhah., A., 2020. Applying network analysis approach to trust network evaluation in Hosein Abad, South Khorasan Carbon sequestration project. Iranian Journal of Forest, 12(1): 17-31.
  • Ghorbani, M. and Azadi, H., 2021. A social-relational approach for analyzing trust and collaboration networks as preconditions for rangeland comanagement. Journal of Rangeland Ecology & Management, 75: 170-184.
  • Ghorbani, M., Naseri, S. and Hajalizadeh, A., 2020. Analysis of the dynamic of organizational cohesion for establishing collaborative governance of watershed, case area: Sarayan District, South Khorasan. Journal of Watershed Engineering and Management, 11(4): 879-890.
  • Ghorbani, M., Salimi Kouchi, J., Ebrahimi, P. and Rasekhi, S., 2019. Using network analysis to identify key actors in local benefitiories network in the establishment of participatory management of natural resources (Case Study: Sarayan Watershed, South Khorasan Province). Iranian Journal of Range and Watershed Management, 72(1): 213-226.
  • Ghorbani, M. and Avazpour., 2017. Analysis of structural characteristics of rural women network for establishment of collaborative management in desert areas. Iranian Journal of Rangeland and Desert Research, 24(2): 383-391.
  • Hajebi, A.B.H., Moslehi, M. and Hassani, A., 2019. Investigation of growth and survival of Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh. and Rhizophora mucronata (Lam). seedlings in different density and distance planting in intertidal zone. Journal of Forest and Wood Product, 72(3): 183-191.
  • Hargrove, W.L. and Heyman, J.M., 2020. A comprehensive process for stakeholder identification and engagement in addressing wicked water resources problems. Journal of Land, 9(4):1-21.
  • Hesam, M. and Negahban, S., 2020. Network analysis community relations of water resources beneficiaries In order to urban optimize management (Case Study: Palm Groves in the Eastern Part of the Fadami city – Darab- Fars). Journal of Human Geography Research, 52(2): 501-514.
  • Jafarian, V., Yazdani, M.R., Rahimi, M. and Ghorbani, M., 2018. Analysis of the role and position of organizational stakeholders in the executive management network of water resources in Garmsar plain. Iranian Journal of Ecohydrology, 4(4): 1011-1024.
  • Jafariazar, S., Sabzghabaei, G.R., Tavakoly, M. and Dashti, S., 2020. Risk assessment and grading of environmental sustainability of the international wetlands of southern coasts of Iran. Iranian Journal of Natural Environmental Hazards, 9(23): 41-62.
  • Madadizadeh, N.A., Arzani, H., Javadi, S.A., Mohammadi, S.H.M. and Razzaghi, M.H., 2021. Identification the effective factors on local communities' participation in sustainable management of rangeland in the view of experts (Case study: Reagan Rangelands, Kerman). Iranian Journal of Rangeland and Desert Research, 28(2): 195-207.
  • Mafi Gholami, D. and Raymond, W., 2018. Assessment of the probability of occurrence of multiple environmental hazards in mangrove habitats using remote sensing and geographic information. Iranian Journal Of Environmental Studies, 44(3): 425-443.
  • Mashayekhi, Z., Sharzehi, G.A., Danehkar, A. and Majed, V., 2018. A comparison of stated preferences methods for economic valuation of ecosystem services (case study: Qeshm mangrove ecosystems). Journal of Environmental Sciences, 16(1): 68-88.
  • Mondal, T., Bowers, W.W. and Hossen Ali, M.D., 2021. Sustainable management of sundarbans: Stakeholder attitudes towards participatory management and conservation of mangrove forests. Journal of Sustainable Development, 14(3): 23-44.
  • Mohammadi Kangarani, H. and Amiri Doumari, H., 2017. Identification and analysis of managerial problems relating camel driving in Hormozgan Province Using Network Analysis Approch. Journal of Applied Animal Science Reasearch Journal, 24(1): 35-44.
  • Orchard, S. E., Stringer, L. C. and Quinn, C. H., 2015. Impacts of aquaculture on social networks in the mangrove systems of northern Vietnam.  Journal of Ocean & Coastal Management, 114: 1-10.
  • Scully-Engelmeyer, K.M, Granek, E.F., Nielsen-Pincus, M. and Brown, G., 2021. Participatory GIS mapping highlights indirect use and existence values of coastal resources and marine conservation areas. Journal of Ecosystem Services, 1(50):101-301.
  • Vazirian, R., Karimian, A.K., Ghorbani, M. and Afshani, S.A.R., 2021. Monitoring and analyzing social networks and identifying key actors for sustainable management of natural resources. Iranian Journal of Rangeland and Desert Research, 28(1): 141-150.hormozgan.frw.ir.
  • Zandian, F., Moradian, A. and Hassanzadeh, M., 2019. Analyzing scientific collaboration among Iranian Medical researchers using social network indicators. Scientametrics Research Journal, 5(1): 98-116.