همکاری با انجمن علمی مدیریت و کنترل مناطق بیابانی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار، گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فسا، فسا، ایران.

چکیده

کارخانه­های سیمان یکی از منابع عمده آلودگی اکوسیستم­ها هستند. هدف از تحقیق حاضر ارزیابی توانمندی گیاه‌پالایی گونهGundelia tournefortii در جذب عناصر کادمیوم، سرب و نیکل در اکوسیستم­های مرتعی اطراف کارخانه سیمان یاسوج و تغییرات غلظت فلزات سنگین با فاصله گرفتن از کارخانه است. جهت نمونه­برداری از گیاه و خاک، فواصل 0 تا 500، 500 تا 1000 و 1000 تا 1500 متری از کارخانه انتخاب شدند در هر محدوده، 5 نمونه گیاهی همراه با ریشه و 5 نمونه خاک، از عمق ریشه­دوانی گونه tournefortii  G. برداشت شد. شاخص­های فاکتور انتقال (Translocation Factor) (TF)، فاکتور تجمع بیولوژیکی (Bio Concentration Factor) (BCF) و ضریب تجمع بیولوژیکی (Biological Accumulation Coefficient) (BAC) جهت ارزیابی توانمندی گونه G. tournefortii استفاده گردید. نتایج نشان داد مقدار TF گونه G. tournefortii برای فلزات سنگین سرب، نیکل و کادمیوم بزرگتر از یک است. بنابراین گونه G. tournefortii می­تواند طی عمل گیاه استخراجی باعث جذب و استخراج فلزات سرب، نیکل و کادمیوم شود. نتایج حاصل از بررسی غلظت سرب، نیکل و کادمیوم خاک در محدوده­های مورد بررسی نشان داد بین غلظت فلزات سرب، نیکل و کادمیوم در محدوده­های مورد بررسی اختلاف معنی­داری وجود دارد ( 01/0 >p). با فاصله گرفتن از کارخانه، غلظت فلزات مورد مطالعه خاک روند کاهشی داشت. نتایج نشان داد که میانگین غلظت سرب، نیکل و کادمیوم کمتر از حداکثر مقدار مجاز آن در خاک است. به­طور کلی، با توجه به این­که غلظت فلزات سنگین در اکوسیستم در حال افزایش است و به وسعت اراضی آلوده افزوده می­شود استفاده از گونه­های گیاهی بومی برای جذب فلزات سنگین از محیط و کاهش آلاینده­ها می­تواند موثر باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Potential of Gundelia tournefortii species absorption in heavy metals in rangelands around the Yasouj cement factory

نویسنده [English]

  • Esfandiar Jahantab

Assistant professor, Department of range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Fasa University, Fasa, Iran

چکیده [English]

Cement factories are one of the sources of ecosystem contamination. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the capability of Gundelia tournefortii species in the absorption of cadmium, lead, and nickel elements in rangeland ecosystems around the Yasouj cement factory and changes in the concentration of heavy metals with from the factory. For sampling plant and soil, distances 0 to 500, 500 to 1000, and 1000 to 1500 meters were selected, and in each range, five plant samples with root and five soil samples were gathered from the root depth of G. tournefortii. Indicators of Translocation Factor (TF), Bio Concentration Factor (BCF), and Biological Accumulation Coefficient (BAC) were used to evaluate the ability of G. tournefortii species. Results showed that the TF value of G. tournefortii species for heavy metals, nickel, and cadmium is larger than one. Therefore, G. tournefortii species can absorb and extract lead metals, nickel, and cadmium from phytoextraction. Results of the study of lead, nickel, and soil cadmium in the studied range showed a significant difference between the concentration of lead, nickel, and cadmium metals in three rangelands (<0.01). With the distance from the factory, the concentration of soil studied was decreased. Results showed that the average concentration of lead, nickel, and cadmium is less than the maximum allowable amount in the soil. Generally, considering that the concentration of heavy metals in the ecosystem is increasing and adds to the contaminated land, the use of native plant species to absorb heavy metals from the environment and reduce pollutants can be effective.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Soil contamination
  • phytoextraction
  • heavy metals accumulation
  • Gundelia tournefortii
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