نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکترای مرتع‌داری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع‌طبیعی ساری، ایران
2 دانشیار، گروه مرتع، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع‌طبیعی، ساری، ایران
3 هیئت علمی مؤسسه تونن، وابسته به وزارت کشاورزی آلمان و دانشگاه کیل
4 استاد، گروه مرتع، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع‌طبیعی، ساری، ایران
چکیده
توسعه در مرتع بدون توجه به مشارکت بهرهبرداران امکانپذیر نخواهد بود. امروزه سرمایههای اجتماعی شبکه میتواند کنترلکننده رفتار مشارکتی بهرهبرداران در حفاظت از عرصههای مرتعی و محدودههای عرفی آنها باشد. هدف از این مطالعه، تحلیل سرمایه اجتماعیِ شبکه در بین بهرهبردارانِ با سطوح مختلف مشارکتی در پروژههای حفاظتی (پروژههای بیولوژیک شامل بذرکاری، کپهکاری و قرق و پروژه بیومکانیک یا بانکتبندی) محدودههای عرفی مراتع شهرستان دهگلان است. روش تحقیق توصیفی-تحلیلی مبتنی بر پرسش‌نامه بوده و جامعه آماری آن شامل 275 نفر از بهرهبرداران مراتعِ 10 سامان عرفی منطقه بر اساس لیست ممیزی است. انتخاب نمونه‌ها تصادفی و 160 بهرهبردار مرتعی با استفاده از فرمول کوکران انتخاب شدند. برای تعیین روایی پرسش‌نامه از پانل متخصصان استفاده شد که شامل استادان و کارشناس فنّی اداره کل استان کردستان بودند. مقدار آلفای کرونباخ هم برای"اهداف مشترک مرتع‌داران با شبکههای محلّی" و "اهداف مشترک مرتع‌داران با شبکههای دولتی" بهترتیب 80/0 و 82/0 محاسبه شد. نتایج حاصل از رویکرد تقابل هلمرت نشان داد مرتع‌دارانی که در پروژههای حفاظتی مراتع مشارکت دائم داشتند، نسبت به مرتع‌دارانی که در پروژههای حفاظتی مراتع مشارکت موقت داشتند، اهداف مشترک بیشتری با شبکههای محلّی و دولتی داشتند. همچنین نتایج نشان داد مرتع‌دارانی که در پروژههای حفاظتی مراتع اصلاً مشارکت نداشتند، نسبت به مرتع‌دارانی که در پروژههای حفاظتی مراتع مشارکت داشتند اهداف مشترک کمتری با شبکههای محلّی و دولتی داشتند. نتایج نشان میدهد که استفاده از ظرفیت سرمایههای اجتماعی شبکه میتواند با تقویّت انسجام جوامع محلّی، رویکرد مشارکتی بهرهبرداران را برای اجرای پروژههای حفاظتی مرتع تغییر بدهد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Analysis of network social capital among ranchers with different levels of participation (Case study: rangeland of Dehgolan city, Kurdistan province)
نویسندگان [English]
- Farzad Ahmadi 1
- Ghodratollah Heydari 2
- Omid Zamani 3
- Zeinab Jafarian Jeloudar 4
1 Ph.D. Student in Rangeland Management, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Rangeland, University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran
3 The faculty of the Thunen Institute, Affiliated to the German Ministry of Agriculture and the University of Kiel
4 Professor, Department of Rangeland, University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran
چکیده [English]
Rangeland's development will not be possible without the participation of Ranchers. Today, network social capital can control the participatory behavior of users in the protection of rangelands and their customary boundaries. The purpose of this study is to analyze the social capital of the network among ranchers with different levels of participation in conservation projects (biological projects including seeding and enclosure; and biomechanics or banking projects) of the customary rangelands of Dehgolan city. The research method is descriptive-analytical based on a questionnaire, and its statistical population includes 275 users of rangelands in 10 conventional areas of the region based on the audit list. The samples were selected randomly, and 160 rangeland operators were selected using Cochran's formula. To determine the validity of the questionnaire, a panel of experts was used, which included professors and technical experts of the General Administration of Kurdistan Province. Cronbach's alpha values for "common goals of rangers with local networks" and "common goals of rangers with government networks" were calculated as 0.80 and 0.82, respectively. The results of the Helmert contrast approach showed that beneficiaries who were permanently involved in rangeland conservation projects had more common goals with local and government networks than beneficiaries who were temporarily involved in rangeland conservation projects. The results showed that using the social capital capacity of the network can change the participatory approach of users to implement rangeland conservation projects by strengthening the cohesion of local communities.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Network Social Capital
- local and state networks
- levels of participation
- common goals
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