ارزیابی و تحلیل بیابان‌زایی با استفاده از روش تحلیل بردار تغییر (منطقه مورد مطالعه: شهرستان قلعه‌گنج)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی منابع طبیعی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشیار دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 استاد پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

4 استاد پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج،ایران

5 استادیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

6 استاد دانشگاه زوریخ، سوئیس

چکیده

بیابان­زایی به عنوان یک تهدید جدی برای محیط­های خشک و نیمه­خشک و حتی نیمه­مرطوب در چند دهه اخیر محسوب شده و مانع اصلی توسعه­پایدار جهانی است، در نتیجه نظارت بر روند تغییرات آن از اقدامات ضروری محسوب می­شود. یکی از روش­های مقرون به صرفه، اغلب رایگان و در دسترس برای نظارت بر تغییرات این مناطق استفاده از سنجش از دور و سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی است. در این مطالعه با استفاده از روش تحلیل بردار تغییر اقدام به ارزیابی و تحلیل شدت بیابان‌زایی در بخشی از شهرستان قلعه­گنج در جنوب استان کرمان پرداخته شده­است. بدین منظور ابتدا در گوگل ارث انجین از باندهای تصاویر لندست 8 در دو بازه زمانی 2014 (دوره زمانی اول) و بازه زمانی2020 (دوره زمانی دوم) برای ماه‌های اسفند و فروردین استفاده شده­است. تصحیحات لازم روی آنها اعمال و برای هر دو دوره به صورت جداگانه میانگین­گیری و سپس شاخص‌های EVI و BSI محاسبه شده­است. در مرحله بعد با استفاده از این دو شاخص و روش تحلیل بردار تغییر در محیط نرم‌افزار GIS، به تعیین بزرگی تغییرات و جهت تغییرات بیابان‌زایی در منطقه مورد پرداخته شده است. دستاورد پژوهش حاضر گویای غالبیت روند احیای منطقه در طی سال­های مورد مطالعه می باشد و نتایج کلی حاکی ازین امر است که توسعه کشاورزی و در کنار آن تغییر کاربری اراضی بیشترین تاثیر را بر شاخص­های پایش و روند بیابان­زایی در منطقه داشته­اند؛ بدین صورت که شاهد تخریب اراضی در اطراف مناطق مسکونی هستیم و از سویی رابطه تنگاتنگی بین فعالیت­های کشاورزی و مناطق احیایی در منطقه وجود دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation and analysis of desertification change using change vector analysis method (Region of study: Ghalehgang County)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Narmashiri 1
  • mehdi ghorbani 2
  • Gholamreza Zehtabian 3
  • Hosein Azarnivand 4
  • Amir Alambeigi 5
  • Roland W Scholz 6
1 Ph.D. Student of Natural Resource Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resource, University of Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, College of Agriculture and Natural Resource, University of Tehran, Iran.
3 Professor, College of Agriculture and Natural Resource, University of Tehran,IranProfessor, College of Agriculture and Natural Resource, University of Tehran,Iran
4 Professor, College of Agriculture and Natural Resource, University of Tehran,Iran, Karaj, Iran
5 Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension & Education, Faculty of Economics and Agricultural Development, Tehran University, Iran
6 Professor, ETH Zurich, Department of Environmental System Sciences, Zurich, Switzerland
چکیده [English]

Desertification has been considered as a serious threat to arid, semi-arid and even semi-humid climate in recent decades and it is a major obstacle to sustainable global development, so monitoring its changes is urgent. Using remote sensing and GIS is one of the cost-effective, often free and accessible method to monitor changes in these areas. In this study, change vector analysis method was used for evaluation and analysis of desertification change in a part of Ghalehganj county in south of Kerman province. For this purpose, Landsat 8 image bands in two time periods of 2014 (first period) and 2020 period (second period) for March and April was used in Google Earth Engine. Image pre-processing were applied and averaging was done separately for both periods which was followed by calculation of EVI and BSI indices. For the next step, using these two indicators and the change vector analysis method in the GIS software, the magnitude and direction of desertification change trends were determined. The results of the present research indicated the dominance of the reclamation process in the region during the years studied and the overall results indicate that development of cultivated lands and land use change have the greatest impact on monitoring indicators and desertification trends in the region. Thus, degradation of lands around residential areas are witnessed and on the other hand, there is a significant relationship between agricultural activities and rehabilitation areas in the region.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Change Vector Analysis
  • Desertification
  • Ghalehgang
  • BSI
  • EVI

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تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران
دوره 29، شماره 1
فروردین 1401
صفحه 53-65

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