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بررسی برخی از نیازهای بوم‌شناختی گونه مرتعیOnobrychis melanotricha Boiss. در استان اصفهان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،اصفهان، ایران

2 محقق، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران

3 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان مرکزی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اراک، ایران

چکیده

     شناخت ویژگی‌های اکولوژیکی گونه‌های ‌گیاهی و چگونگی واکنش آنها به عوامل محیطی، اطلاعات لازم را برای مدیریت پوشش‌گیاهی و اصلاح مراتع‌ فراهم می‌کند. در این پژوهش، به مطالعه نیازهای اکولوژیک گونه اسپرس (Onobrychis melanotricha Boiss.) با تأکید بر عوامل اکولوژیک مؤثر بر تغییرات پوشش‌گیاهی و بررسی پاسخ این گونه به تغییرات عوامل اکولوژیکی، با استفاده از روش آنالیز تطبیقی‌متعارفی پرداخته شد. برداشت اطلاعات در سال 1397 در 19 سایت مطالعاتی در غرب و جنوب استان اصفهان انجام شد. در هر سایت، نمونه‌برداری پوشش گیاهی به روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی- سیستماتیک در 30 پلات یک مترمربعی که در طول 3 ترانسکت 200 متری مستقر شده بود، انجام و نمونه‌گیری خاک از عمق 30-0 سانتیمتر در هر سایت انجام گردید. تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزارهای SPSS17 و CANOC4.5 انجام شد. استفاده از مدل‌جمعی تعمیم‌یافته با توزیع خطای پوآسون برای هر یک از متغیرهای‌محیطی، نشان داد که عوامل محیطی شامل ارتفاع، درصد رس، بارندگی، درصد ماده آلی، فسفر و درصد شن و میانگین دمای سالانه در سطح احتمال خطای 1 درصد بر پوشش این گونه اثر معنی‌دار دارند. این گونه بیشتر بر روی خاک‌های نیمه‌عمیق تا عمیق با بافت متوسط تا نیمه‌سنگین پراکنش دارد. محدوده ارتفاعی بهینه برای رشد این گیاه 3200-1600 متر از سطح دریا و بارش بهینه برای این گیاه 370 میلیمتر بوده است. درمجموع، نتایج این پژوهش در تعیین نیازهای اکولوژیکی گونه مورد نظر کارایی قابل قبولی داشت که می‌تواند در مدیریت پوشش‌گیاهی و عملیات اصلاح مراتع در مناطق مشابه مورد توجه مدیران منابع‌طبیعی قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Some ecological requirements of Onobrychis melanotricha in Esfahan province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoud Borhani 1
  • Zahra Jabrolansar 2
  • Hamidreza Mirdavoodi 3

1 Assistant Proffessor, Research Division of Natural Resources, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Isfahan, Iran

2 Research Expert, Research Division of Natural Resources, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Cen-ter, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Isfahan, Iran

3 Associate Proffessor, Research Division of Natural Resources, Markazi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Arak, Iran

چکیده [English]

    Understanding the ecological characteristics of plant species and how they react to environmental factors provides the necessary information for vegetation management and rangeland improvement. In the present study, the ecological needs of sainfoin (Onobrychis melanotricha Boiss.) were studied with emphasis on environmental factors affecting vegetation changes, and the response of this species to changes in ecological factors was investigated using the Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). Data collection was performed in 2018 in 19 study sites in the west and south of Isfahan province. In each site, the vegetation sampling was performed by random-systematic sampling method in 30 plots of one square meter, located along 3 200-meter transects, and soil sampling was done from a depth of 0-30 cm in each site. Data were analyzed using SPSS17 and CANOC4.5 software. Using a generalized additive model with Poisson error distribution for each of the environmental variables showed that environmental factors including height, clay percentage, rainfall, organic matter percentage, phosphorus, and sand percentage, and the average annual temperature significantly affect (p<0.01) vegetation. This species is distributed on semi-deep to deep soils with medium to semi-heavy textures. This species is distributed on semi-deep to deep soils with medium to semi-heavy textures. The optimal altitude range for the growth of this plant was 1600-3200 meters above sea level, and the optimal rainfall for this plant was 370 mm. Overall, the results of this study had an acceptable efficiency in determining the ecological needs of the species, which can be considered by natural resource managers in vegetation management and rangeland improvement operations in similar areas.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Onobrychis melanotricha
  • ordination
  • ecological factors
  • response curve
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تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران
دوره 29، شماره 2
مرداد 1401
صفحه 111-125
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هم رسانی
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