همکاری با انجمن علمی مدیریت و کنترل مناطق بیابانی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات جنگل و مرتع، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان قم، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، قم، ایران

2 استادیار پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات مرتع، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی تهران، ایران

3 استادیار پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان قم، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، قم، ایران

4 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات مرتع، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

10.22092/ijrdr.2022.128070

چکیده

استقرار اولیه گونه­های گیاهی مرتعی به خصوص در مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک مسئله­ای قابل توجه جهت اصلاح و توسعه مراتع و افزایش عملکرد آن­ها می­باشد. به منظور بررسی اثرات کاربرد پرایمینگ بذر بر تغییرات عملکرد گونه ‌مرتعی Astragalus brachyodontus، طرح حاضر در گلخانه و در قالب طرح فاکتوریل انجام گرفت. سه تیمار هیدرو­پرایمینگ (آب مقطر)، اسموپرایمینگ (پلی اتیلن گلایکول در دو سطح 4/0- و 8/0- مگاپاسکال) و هورمون پرایمینگ (جیبرلیک اسید) به عنوان فاکتور اول و سه سطح تنش کم­آبیاری 100% ظرفیت مزرعه، 75% ظرفیت مزرعه و 50% ظرفیت مزرعه به عنوان فاکتور دوم بر روی سه جمعیت (زنجان، قم و خلخال)، در سه تکرار در نظر گرفته شد. بررسی نتایج نشان داد پرایمینگ بذر، تنش کم­آبیاری، جمعیت­ها و اثرات متقابل آن­ها، تاثیر معنی­داری در سطح احتمال 1% بر تمام صفات مورد بررسی داشت. کاهش میزان آب خاک، موجب کاهش معنی­دار درصد جوانه زنی، طول و وزن ساقه شد اما طول ریشه افزایش یافته و وزن ریشه ابتدا افزایش و سپس کاهش شدیدی نشان داد. بیش­ترین میزان عملکرد صفات ارتفاع (0267/11 سانتی­متر)، طول ریشه (6467/30 سانتی­متر)، وزن ساقه (1700/1 گرم) و وزن ریشه (3664/1 گرم)، مربوط به جمعیت زنجان با آبیاری نرمال بود. تیمار اسمو­پرایمینگ 4/0- مگاپاسکال بیش­ترین مقادیر را در صفات طول ریشه (1556/33 سانتی­متر)، وزن ساقه (2144/1 گرم) و وزن ریشه (4800/1 گرم) داشت. به طور کلی، بر‌اساس نتایج تحقیق حاضر، اسمو­پرایمینگ 4/0- مگاپاسکال و هورمون پرایمینگ با جیبرلیک اسید در شرایط تنش شدید کم­آبیاری، به عنوان تیمارهای بهبود دهنده عملکرد گونه Astragalus brachyodontus در محیط گلخانه معرفی شد. این مسئله می‌تواند در بهبود استقرار و عملکرد این گونه علوفه ای با ارزش بومی در برنامه های اصلاح و توسعه مراتع برای کمک به استقرار اولیه آن ها در شرایط کم­آبیاری مورد توجه واقع شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Seed priming on germination and establishment of Astragalus brachyodontus species efficiency in greenhouse under water stress conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Bagheri 1
  • Mahshid souri 2
  • Seyed Mehdi Adnani 3
  • Hossein Tavakoli Neko 3
  • Saeedeh Nateghi 4

1 Forests and Rangelands Research Department, Qom Agricultural & Natural Resources Research & Education Center, AREEO Qom, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Rangeland Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran,

3 Assistant professor, Forests and Rangelands Research Department, Qom Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Qom, Iran

4 Assistant Professor, Range Research Division , Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension, AREEO, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Early establishment of rangeland plant species, especially in arid and semi-arid regions, is a considerable issue to increase their yield. In order to investigate the effects of seed priming on changes in yield of the Astragalus brachyodontus pasture species, the present study was carried out in the greenhouse with factorial design. Three treatments of hydro-priming (distilled water), osmopriming (Polyethylene Glycol with two levels of -0.4 and -0.8 MPa) and hormone priming (gibberellic acid) as the first factor, and three levels of deficit irrigation stress (100% field capacity, 75% field capacity and 50% field capacity) were considered as the second factor and 3 populations (Zanjan, Qom and Khalkhal) as the Third factor with 3 replications. The results showed that seed priming, deficit irrigation stress, populations and their interactions had a significant effect at the 1% probability level on all investigated traits. The soil water reduction caused a significant decrease in seedling germination percentage, stem length and weight, but the root length increased and the root weight first increased and then decreased intensively. The maximum yield of height (11.0267 cm), root length (30.6467 cm), stem weight (1.1700 g) and root weight (1.3664 g) was related to Zanjan population in normal irrigation. The treatment of -0.4 MPa osmopriming had the highest values in root length (33.1556 cm), stem weight (1.2144 g) and root weight (1.4800 g). Generally, according to the present research, -0.4 MPa osmo-priming and hormone priming with gibberellic acid were introduced as treatments to improve the Astragalus brachyodontus species performance in the greenhouse under the severe deficit irrigation stress condition. This results can be considered to improving the establishment and performance of this native valuable forage, in breeding programs and rangeland development, to improve its initial establishment in deficit irrigation conditions.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Hydro-priming
  • Hormone priming
  • Osmopriming
  • Germination
  • Seedling emergence
  • Establishment
  • Astragalus
  • Rangeland
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