همکاری با انجمن علمی مدیریت و کنترل مناطق بیابانی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجو دکترا علوم مرتع دانشکده منابع طبیعی ساری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران.

2 دانشیار ، عضو هیات علمی دانشکده منابع طبیعی ساری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران.

3 دانشیار ، عضو هیات علمی دانشکده منابع طبیعی ساری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

4 محقق پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان یزد، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، یزد، ایران.

10.22092/ijrdr.2022.128071

چکیده

در جامعه روستایی عوامل مختلفی در مشارکت جوامع محلی در جهت حفاظت از منابع طبیعی نقش داشته و بهره‌برداران با نقش محوری مشارکت سهم مهمی در این حفاظت ایفا می‌کنند، زیرا عرصه های منابع طبیعی یکی از عوامل اصلی قطب اقتصادی محسوب شده و احیا و حفاظت از آنها به مثابه ایجاد بستر فعالیت های انسانی برای نسل فعلی و آتی بشر می باشد، این عوامل شامل عامل اجتماعی، عامل اقتصادی و عامل فرهنگی بوده و تحت عنوان هنجارها شناخته می شوند. اغلب صاحبنظران معتقدند که مشارکت، عامل اصلی و تعیین کننده در فرایند رشد و توسعه جوامع توسعه یافته و در حال توسعه می باشد. لذا به منظور جلوگیری از تخریب مراتع باید برنامه­ریزی جامعی برای نظارت بر بهره‌برداری و اصلاح و احیای مراتع از سوی سازمان‌ها و ادارات مختلف شکل گیرد و این کار فقط در گرو مشارکت بهره‌برداران رقم می‌خورد. برای حفاظت و بهبود مراتع سازمان های مربوطه باید از هنجارهای اثرگذار بر رفتارهای مشارکتی محلی آگاهی داشته باشند. هدف از این مطالعه شناسایی هنجارهای تاثیرگذار بر مشارکت مرتعداران و تعیین سهم هر یک از مولفه های آنها در حفاظت از مراتع ندوشن استان یزد بوده است. در این تحقیق هنجارهای تاثیرگذار شامل عوامل اجتماعی، اقتصادی و فرهنگی به عنوان متغیر مستقل و میزان مشارکت مرتعداران به عنوان متغیر وابسته مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. روش کار به صورت توصیفی-تحلیلی در قالب پرسشنامه بر اساس طیف لیکرت پنج گزینه ای انجام شد. حجم نمونه شامل 104 مرتعدار و نمونه گیری به صورت تصادفی بود. پس از بررسی پایایی و روایی پرسشنامه از روش تحلیل مسیر جهت رتبه‌بندی متغیرهای مستقل استفاده شد، نتایج نشان داد که به ترتیب عامل اجتماعی با ضریب تاثیر 857/0 ، عامل اقتصادی با ضریب تاثیر 633/0 و عامل فرهنگی با ضریب تاثیر 144/0 بیشترین تاثیر کل و اثرگذاری مستقیم و غیرمستقیم را بر عامل مشارکت مرتعداران داشته و در این عامل‌ها به ترتیب گویه شیوه بهره‌برداری در مراتع، گویه میزان درآمد مرتعداران و گویه آگاهی و تجربه بهره‌برداران اولین اولویت را به خود اختصاص داده است، ضریب همیستگی اسپیرمن بین متغیرهای مستقل و مشارکت مرتعداران نشان داد که عامل اجتماعی و عامل اقتصادی با متغیر وابسته مشارکت مرتعداران دارای ضریب همبستگی مثبت و معنی داری می باشند، لذا پیشنهاد می شود که عامل اجتماعی و اقتصادی به ترتیب به عنوان مهمترین شاخص‌های جلب مشارکت مردمی در برنامه‌ریزی‌ها در جهت بهبود مراتع مد نظر قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identifying and explaining the role of different factors in the participation of the stakeholders for restoration of Nodushan rangelands in Yazd province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ebrahim Atarod 1
  • Qodratollah Heydari 2
  • Jamshid Ghorbani 3
  • Alibeman Mirjalili 4

1 Ph.d student Rangeland Science Sari Natural Resources Department, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.

2 Associate Prof, Faculty of Member Sari Natural Resources Department, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran

3 Associate Prof, Faculty of Member Sari Natural Resources Department, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.

4 Researcher, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Department, Yazd Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Training Center, Organization of Research, Education and Agricultural Extension, Yazd, Iran

چکیده [English]

In the rural society, various factors play a role in the participation of local communities in the conservation of natural resources. Among them stakeholders have the central role as participation plays an important role. Natural resources are considered as one of the main economical sources and their restoration and conservation are considered as the base for human activities for the current and future generations. These factors include social factors, economical factors and cultural factors, which are known as norms. Most experts believe that participation is the main and determining factor in the process of growth and development in developed and developing societies. Therefore, in order to prevent the degradation of rangelands, a comprehensive plan must be designed by various organizations and departments to monitor the exploitation and utilization of rangelands and this depends on the participation of the stakeholders. In order to protect and restore rangelands, organizations must be aware of the norms that affect local collaborative behaviors. The aim of this study is to identify the norms that influence the pastoralists participation and to determine the contribution of each of their components in the conservation of Nodushan rangelands, Yazd province. In this study we assessed the impact of norms including social, economical and cultural factors as independent variables on the amount of pastoralists participation as a dependent variable. The method was descriptive-analytical in the form of a questionnaire based on a five-option Likert scale. The sample size included 104 pastoralists and random sampling. After checking the reliability and validity of the questionnaire, the path analysis method was used to rank the independent variables. The results showed that the social factor with 0.857, the economic factor with 0.633 and the cultural factor with 0.144 had the greatest total impact and also the direct and indirect impact on the pastoralists' participation. The method of exploitation in rangelands, the amount of income of pastoralists, and the awareness and experience of pastoralists had the first priority. Spearman's correlation coefficient between independent variables and pastoralists' participation showed that the social factor and the economical factor have a positive and significant correlation coefficient with the dependent variable of pastoralists' participation. Therefore, it was suggested that the social and economical factors should be considered as the most important indicators of attracting pastoralists participation in planning for restoration of rangelands.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Norm
  • Path analysis
  • Pastoralists
  • Questionnaire
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