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بررسی عوامل محیطی مؤثر بر پراکنش اجتماعات گیاهی مراتع نیمه‌خشک بیدخت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربت حیدریه، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، ایران

3 دانشجوی کارشناس ارشد علوم مرتع‌داری، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربت حیدریه، ایران

چکیده

   به‌منظور بررسی رابطه بین پراکنش اجتماعات گیاهی منطقه بیدخت با عوامل محیطی تحقیقی به روش فلوریستیکی- نمود ظاهری انجام شد. سطح مناسب پلات نمونه‌برداری به روش سطح حداقل و اندازه نمونه به روش آماری تعیین گردید. در هر پلات نوع و تعداد گونه‌های گیاهی موجود و درصد تاج پوشش آنها تعیین و تیپ‌بندی انجام شد. در هریک از اجتماعات گیاهی، 6 پروفیل خاک حفر شد و از عمق 0 تا 100 سانتی‌متری، نمونه خاک (به صورت مرکب) برداشت شد و پس از انتقال به آزمایشگاه، پارامترهای بافت خاک، آهک، اسیدیته، هدایت الکتریکی، ماده آلی، سولفات کلسیم، فسفر، پتاسیم و نیتروژن اندازه‌گیری شد. همچنین لایه‌های اطلاعاتی ارتفاع، شیب و جهت منطقه مورد مطالعه نیز تهیه شد. به‌منظور تعیین عوامل تأثیرگذار بر پراکنش پوشش‌گیاهی، از روش تجزیه مؤلفه‌های اصلی (PCA) با استفاده از نرم‌افزار PC-ORD استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که بین عوامل مورد بررسی و پراکنش پوشش‌گیاهی (4 تیپ مرتعی منطقه) رابطه وجود دارد. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه مؤلفه‌های اصلی نشان داد که مهمترین خصوصیات محیطی مؤثر بر پراکنش اجتماعات گیاهی منطقه (محور اول PCA) درصد رس، شن، ماده آلی، هدایت الکتریکی و پتاسیم هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

An investigation on environmental factors affecting the distribution of plant communities in semi-arid rangelands of Bidokht

نویسندگان [English]

  • Jalil Farzadmehr 1
  • Hamed Sangooni 2
  • Hamid Rouhani 3

1 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Torbat Heydarieh, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of range and Watershed Management, Isfahan University of Technology, Iran

3 M.Sc. Student in Range Management, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Torbat Heydarieh, KHorasan Razavi, Iran

چکیده [English]

    In order to investigate the relationship between the distribution of plant communities and environmental factors in Bidokht area, a physiognomic-floristic approach was used. The appropriate area of sampling plot and sample size were determined by the minimal area method and statistical approach, respectively. In each plot, the number of plant species and their canopy cover were determined and vegetation mapping was conducted. In each of the plant communities, six soil profiles were drilled and soil samples (composite) were taken from 0 to 100 cm depth. After transferring to the laboratory, parameters of soil texture, lime, pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter, sulfate, calcium, phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen were measured. Information layers were also provided for altitude, slope and aspect of the study area. In order to determine the factors influencing vegetation distribution, PCA-ORD software was used to analyze the principal components (PCA). The results showed that there was a relationship between the factors studied and distribution of vegetation (four rangeland types). The results of principal component analysis showed that the most important environmental characteristics affecting distribution of plant communities in the region were clay, sand, organic matter, electrical conductivity, and potassium (PCA first axis).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Plant community
  • environmental factors
  • Principal Component Analysis
  • semi-arid rangelands
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تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران
دوره 26، شماره 1
خرداد 1398
صفحه 18-28
فایل ها
هم رسانی
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