همکاری با انجمن علمی مدیریت و کنترل مناطق بیابانی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته دکتری علوم مرتع، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ایران

2 دانشیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ایران

3 دانشیار، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان یزد، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، یزد، ایران

4 استادیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ایران

چکیده

در نظام دامداری سنتی بنیان اقتصادی دامدار بر‌ ‌اساس کسب تولیدات دامی با تکیه بر علوفه در دسترس دام در مرتع است و دامپروری اساس اشتغال، منبع تأمین درآمد و یکی از علل بقای جامعه می‌باشد و دامداری سنتی بر مبنای استفاده از مرتع پایه‌ریزی شده‌ است. بااین‌حال در کشور ما عوامل گوناگون و به‌ویژه عدم سوددهی مناسب درخور معیشت دامدار باعث شده تا تمایل به این حرفه کم شده و در شرایط حاضر با تغییرات به‌ وجود‌ آمده در زمینه درآمدها و هزینه‌‌ها در دامداری سنتی تحقیق‌ را در این زمینه ضروری کرده است. این مطالعه در مراتع خشک و بیابانی ندوشن استان یزد در سامان‌های عرفی روستانشینان انجام شد. پس از انتخاب 9 سامان عرفی مشابه از نظر اکولوژیکی، در هریک از سامان‌ها یک گله انتخاب شد. متوسط تعداد دام هر گله 230 رأس با نژاد خالص بز ندوشنی بود. هدف این پژوهش بررسی میزان درآمد، هزینه و سود گله‌داران بز ندوشن بود. نتایج نشان داد که به‌ترتیب بیشترین میزان هزینه جاری مربوط به تأمین تغذیه دستی دامها و دستمزد چوپان بوده‌ است. به‌طوری‌که بیشترین میزان درآمد دامها به‌ترتیب مربوط به فروش دام زنده، شیر و ماست‌ می‌باشد. محاسبات در 9 سامان عرفی نشان داد که میزان هزینه‌‌ها بیشتر از درآمدها بود، بنابراین درآمد خالص در هریک از ساما‌ن‌ها منفی بوده‌ است. ضمناً ارزش‌گذاری بر مبنای ارزش حال با نرخ‌های تنزیل متفاوت 20، 18 و 15 درصد در سالهای 1396،1395،1394 نیز نشان داد که در تمام سال‌ها ارزش حال خالص (NPV) کوچکتر از صفر بوده و نسبت منفعت به هزینه (BCR) نیز کوچکتر از یک می‌باشد، ازاین‌رو دامداری سنتی در منطقه مورد مطالعه با شرایط فعلی توجیه اقتصادی ندارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

An investigation of income and cost of traditional husbandry in arid and desert rangelands of Yazd province (Case study: Nodoshan Rangelands)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Beman Mirjalili 1
  • Ghodratollah Heydari 2
  • Naser Baghestani Meybodi 3
  • Shatagh Rastegar 4

1 Ph.D. Student in Rangeland Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Forest and Rangeland Department, Yazd Agricultural and Natural resources Research and Education Organization, AREEO, Yazd, Iran

4 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Iran

چکیده [English]

    This study was conducted in the rural allotments of arid and desert rangelands of Nodoushan, Yazd. Nine ecologically similar allotments were selected in the area and one herd was selected in each of the allotments.The study livestock were Nodoushan pure goats with an average number of 230 goats in each herd. The objective of this study was to determine the income, cost and benefits of the Nodoushan goat. The results showed that the highest present expenditures were related to the manual feeding of livestock and shepherd wages. The highest income was related to livestock, milk and yogurt sales, respectively. In all nine allotments, the costs were higher than the incomes, leading to a negative net income in each of the allotments. Valuation using present net value based on 15,18 and 20 percent discount rates in 2015,2016 and 2017 showed that net present value and benefit-cost ratio were less than zero and one, respectively, in all the three years. Thus, traditional animal husbandry in the study areas is not economically profitable.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Nodoshan goat
  • ranch
  • Net present value
  • Discount rate
  • livestock
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